CVE-2018-20952 in cPanel
Summary
by MITRE
cPanel before 68.0.27 creates world-readable files during use of WHM Apache Includes Editor (SEC-388).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/18/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-20952 affects cPanel versions prior to 68.0.27 and represents a significant security flaw within the WHM Apache Includes Editor component. This issue stems from improper file permission handling during the execution of Apache configuration modifications, creating a persistent security risk for affected systems. The vulnerability specifically manifests when administrators use the WHM Apache Includes Editor to modify server configurations, leading to the creation of files with overly permissive world-readable permissions that expose sensitive server information to unauthorized users.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability lies in the insecure creation of temporary or configuration files during the Apache includes editing process. When WHM administrators utilize the Apache Includes Editor to modify server configurations, the system fails to properly set restrictive file permissions on the created files. This flaw falls under the category of insecure file handling and improper privilege management, with direct implications for the principle of least privilege and information disclosure. The vulnerability allows any user on the system to read files that should remain restricted, potentially exposing sensitive server configuration details, including paths, environment variables, and other system information that could aid in further exploitation attempts.
The operational impact of CVE-2018-20952 extends beyond simple information disclosure, as it provides attackers with valuable reconnaissance data that can be leveraged for more sophisticated attacks. Attackers who gain access to these world-readable files can obtain insights into the server's configuration structure, potentially identifying weak points in the system architecture or discovering additional vulnerabilities. This information disclosure vulnerability aligns with CWE-732, which describes inadequate permissions for critical resources, and can be categorized under the ATT&CK technique T1083 for discovering system information. The exposure of server configuration details may enable attackers to craft more targeted attacks against the Apache server or other services running on the system.
System administrators should immediately apply the patch available in cPanel version 68.0.27 or later to remediate this vulnerability. The fix addresses the improper file permission handling by ensuring that files created during Apache Includes Editor operations maintain appropriate restrictive permissions. Organizations should also conduct comprehensive audits of their existing systems to identify any files that may have already been created with world-readable permissions during the vulnerable period. Additional mitigation strategies include implementing regular file permission monitoring, establishing automated scanning for insecure file permissions, and ensuring that all administrative interfaces are properly secured. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper file handling and permission management in web server administration tools, as even seemingly minor flaws in configuration management can lead to significant security implications.