CVE-2018-2420 in Internet Graphics Server
Summary
by MITRE
SAP Internet Graphics Server (IGS), 7.20, 7.20EXT, 7.45, 7.49, 7.53, allows an attacker to upload any file (including script files) without proper file format validation.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/04/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-2420 affects SAP Internet Graphics Server versions 7.20, 7.20EXT, 7.45, 7.49, and 7.53, representing a critical security flaw that undermines the integrity of file upload mechanisms within the application. This issue stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization processes that govern file uploads to the IGS component, creating an exploitable condition where malicious actors can bypass normal restrictions and upload arbitrary files including potentially harmful scripts and executables. The vulnerability resides in the server's failure to properly validate file extensions, content types, and file signatures before accepting uploads, thereby creating a pathway for attackers to execute unauthorized operations within the target environment.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through the manipulation of file upload interfaces within the SAP IGS system, where attackers can craft malicious requests that circumvent built-in validation controls. This flaw enables attackers to upload web shells, malicious scripts, or other executable content that can be executed within the context of the web server, potentially leading to complete system compromise. The vulnerability specifically aligns with CWE-434, which describes "Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type," a well-documented weakness that has been consistently observed across various web applications and server platforms. Attackers leveraging this vulnerability can escalate privileges, execute arbitrary code, and potentially establish persistent access to the affected systems, making it particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where SAP systems are commonly deployed.
The operational impact of CVE-2018-2420 extends beyond simple file upload capabilities and represents a significant threat to enterprise security infrastructure, particularly within organizations that rely on SAP IGS for business-critical operations. Successful exploitation can lead to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, and lateral movement within the network, as attackers can use uploaded malicious files to establish backdoors, conduct further reconnaissance, or deploy additional attack tools. This vulnerability particularly affects organizations running SAP systems in cloud environments or those with internet-facing SAP components, as it provides a direct attack vector that requires minimal privileges to exploit. The implications align with ATT&CK technique T1190, which describes "Exploit Public-Facing Application," and T1059, which covers "Command and Scripting Interpreter," as attackers can leverage this vulnerability to execute commands and scripts within the compromised environment.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including enhanced file validation mechanisms, proper content type checking, and restrictive file extension controls to prevent unauthorized file uploads. System administrators should also deploy web application firewalls to monitor and filter suspicious upload requests, while implementing strict access controls and monitoring for anomalous file upload activities. SAP has issued patches and updates to address this vulnerability, and organizations must ensure they apply these security fixes promptly. Additionally, implementing network segmentation, regular security assessments, and comprehensive monitoring solutions can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of input validation and proper file handling in enterprise applications, particularly in mission-critical systems where SAP IGS components are deployed, and underscores the necessity of maintaining up-to-date security measures to protect against evolving threats.