CVE-2018-25128 in Access Control System
Summary
by MITRE • 12/24/2025
SOCA Access Control System 180612 contains multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities that allow attackers to manipulate database queries through unvalidated POST parameters. Attackers can bypass authentication, retrieve password hashes, and gain administrative access with full system privileges by exploiting injection flaws in Login.php and Card_Edit_GetJson.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/25/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-25128 affects the SOCA Access Control System version 180612, representing a critical security flaw that undermines the system's integrity and confidentiality. This issue stems from insufficient input validation mechanisms within the application's web interface, specifically targeting the Login.php and Card_Edit_GetJson.php scripts. The affected system operates within physical security environments where unauthorized access could lead to significant operational disruptions and potential breaches of sensitive facilities. The vulnerability manifests through the manipulation of database queries via unvalidated POST parameters, creating a pathway for malicious actors to exploit the system's authentication mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to critical resources.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-89, which categorizes SQL injection as a code injection technique where untrusted data is incorporated into SQL queries without proper sanitization. Attackers can leverage this flaw by submitting specially crafted POST requests containing malicious SQL payloads to the vulnerable endpoints. The exploitation process typically begins with authentication bypass attempts where attackers can manipulate login parameters to circumvent the authentication system entirely. Through careful manipulation of the input fields, adversaries can extract password hashes and other sensitive information from the underlying database, effectively compromising the entire access control infrastructure. The vulnerability exists because the application fails to properly escape or validate user inputs before incorporating them into database queries, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL commands that execute with the privileges of the database user.
The operational impact of CVE-2018-25128 extends beyond simple unauthorized access, as it enables attackers to achieve complete administrative control over the SOCA Access Control System. This level of compromise allows malicious actors to modify access permissions, add or remove users, and potentially disable security measures entirely. The ability to retrieve password hashes provides attackers with persistent access capabilities, as these credentials can be cracked offline or used in credential reuse attacks against other systems. Furthermore, the vulnerability creates opportunities for attackers to establish backdoors, modify audit logs, and manipulate access records, making detection and forensic analysis significantly more challenging. The attack surface is particularly concerning given that access control systems are often considered critical infrastructure components that protect physical assets and sensitive environments.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on implementing comprehensive input validation and parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection attacks. Organizations must ensure that all user inputs are properly sanitized and validated before being processed by the application. The implementation of prepared statements and parameterized queries represents the most effective defense mechanism against SQL injection, as these approaches separate the SQL command structure from the data being processed. Additionally, regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities within the application stack. Network segmentation and monitoring solutions can provide early detection of suspicious activities that may indicate exploitation attempts. According to ATT&CK framework category T1190, this vulnerability represents a technique that adversaries use to gain access to systems through injection flaws, making it essential for organizations to implement robust application security controls. The remediation process should also include updating the SOCA Access Control System to the latest version that addresses this vulnerability, along with implementing proper access controls and monitoring mechanisms to detect and prevent unauthorized access attempts.