CVE-2018-25145 in IPn4G
Summary
by MITRE • 12/24/2025
Microhard Systems IPn4G 1.1.0 contains a configuration file disclosure vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to download sensitive system configuration files. Attackers can retrieve configuration files from multiple directories including '/www', '/etc/m_cli/', and '/tmp' to access system passwords and network settings.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/25/2025
The CVE-2018-25145 vulnerability represents a critical configuration file disclosure flaw in Microhard Systems IPn4G version 1.1.0, exposing fundamental security weaknesses in embedded network device management. This vulnerability falls under the category of information disclosure flaws that can significantly compromise system security posture by providing attackers with unauthorized access to sensitive system configurations. The flaw specifically affects the web-based management interface of the IPn4G device, which is commonly deployed in industrial and commercial networking environments where secure configuration management is paramount for maintaining network integrity and preventing unauthorized access to critical infrastructure components.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate access controls within the device's web server component, allowing authenticated attackers to exploit directory traversal mechanisms and download configuration files from multiple system directories. The affected paths include '/www' which typically contains web application files and potentially sensitive configuration data, '/etc/m_cli/' which houses command-line interface configuration files that may contain administrative credentials and system parameters, and '/tmp' directory where temporary files might contain sensitive information or system state data. This vulnerability demonstrates a classic lack of proper input validation and access control enforcement, enabling attackers to bypass normal file access restrictions through crafted requests to the web interface.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure, as the retrieved configuration files contain critical system passwords and network settings that can be leveraged for further attacks. Attackers can potentially gain complete administrative control over the device by extracting stored credentials, enabling them to modify network configurations, establish persistent access points, or use the compromised device as a launching point for attacks against adjacent network segments. The vulnerability's authentication requirement means that attackers must first obtain valid credentials, but once achieved, they can systematically extract configuration data that provides comprehensive insight into the device's operational environment and security configuration.
Organizations deploying Microhard Systems IPn4G devices should implement immediate mitigations including firmware updates from the vendor to address the configuration file disclosure vulnerability, network segmentation to limit access to these devices, and enhanced monitoring of web interface access patterns for suspicious activity. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-22 (Directory Traversal) and CWE-552 (Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties) classifications, representing a significant security gap in embedded device security that violates fundamental principles of least privilege and secure configuration management. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1083 (File and Directory Discovery) and T1566 (Phishing for Information) techniques, as attackers can systematically enumerate and extract sensitive configuration data without requiring sophisticated exploitation methods. Security practitioners should also consider implementing web application firewalls and access control lists to prevent unauthorized access to device management interfaces and establish baseline security configurations that minimize the attack surface for similar vulnerabilities.