CVE-2018-2712 in Financial Services Loan Loss Forecasting
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Financial Services Loan Loss Forecasting and Provisioning component of Oracle Financial Services Applications (subcomponent: User Interface). The supported version that is affected is 8.0.x. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Financial Services Loan Loss Forecasting and Provisioning. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle Financial Services Loan Loss Forecasting and Provisioning, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Financial Services Loan Loss Forecasting and Provisioning accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Financial Services Loan Loss Forecasting and Provisioning accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 6.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/30/2021
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-2712 resides within Oracle Financial Services Applications' Loan Loss Forecasting and Provisioning component, specifically affecting the User Interface subcomponent in version 8.0.x. This represents a critical security flaw that demonstrates how financial services applications can contain exploitable weaknesses in their web interfaces. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers can leverage this flaw without requiring specialized skills or significant resources, making it particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where such applications handle sensitive financial data. The attack vector through HTTP connections means that malicious actors can target this vulnerability from remote locations without needing physical access to the network infrastructure.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from insufficient authentication mechanisms within the user interface component, allowing unauthenticated attackers to gain access to the application's functionality. According to CVSS 3.0 scoring, the vulnerability carries a base score of 6.1, reflecting moderate severity with impacts to both confidentiality and integrity. The attack requires only network access via HTTP and does not necessitate prior authentication, though it does require human interaction from an unwitting user. This human interaction requirement suggests that the vulnerability might be exploited through social engineering techniques or by targeting users who unknowingly interact with malicious web content. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond the immediate component, potentially affecting additional Oracle Financial Services products that may share underlying architectural elements or data access mechanisms.
The operational impact of CVE-2018-2712 is significant for financial institutions relying on Oracle Financial Services Applications, as successful exploitation could enable unauthorized modification of critical loan loss forecasting data. Attackers could gain unauthorized update, insert, or delete access to sensitive financial data within the affected system, potentially leading to manipulated risk assessments and provisioning calculations that could affect regulatory compliance and financial reporting accuracy. Additionally, the vulnerability allows unauthorized read access to subsets of data, which could expose confidential information about loan portfolios, customer financial details, or internal risk management strategies. The CVSS vector indicates that this vulnerability can cause considerable damage to system integrity while maintaining a relatively low impact on availability, suggesting that the primary concern lies in data manipulation and unauthorized access rather than system disruption.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigation strategies including network segmentation to restrict access to the affected application, deployment of web application firewalls to monitor and filter HTTP traffic, and application-level authentication controls to ensure that only authorized users can access sensitive functionality. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-287, which addresses improper authentication issues in software systems, and could be mapped to ATT&CK technique T1190 for exploiting web applications. Regular security assessments and patch management procedures should be implemented to address similar vulnerabilities in other Oracle Financial Services components. Given the financial nature of the data involved, organizations should also consider enhanced monitoring of access logs and implementation of data loss prevention measures to detect potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability's classification as a medium severity issue that requires human interaction suggests that user education and awareness programs should be enhanced to prevent social engineering attacks that might leverage this weakness.