CVE-2018-2749 in FLEXCUBE Universal Banking
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Banking Corporate Lending component of Oracle Financial Services Applications (subcomponent: Core module). Supported versions that are affected are 12.3.0, 12.4.0, 12.5.0 and 14.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Banking Corporate Lending. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle Banking Corporate Lending, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Banking Corporate Lending accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Banking Corporate Lending accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 5.4 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/02/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-2749 resides within Oracle Banking Corporate Lending component of Oracle Financial Services Applications, specifically within the Core module of affected versions 12.3.0, 12.4.0, 12.5.0, and 14.0.0. This represents a significant security weakness that falls under CWE-284 Access Control Issues, where inadequate authorization controls permit unauthorized data manipulation and access. The vulnerability operates through the HTTP protocol, making it accessible to low-privileged attackers who can leverage network connectivity to exploit the flaw, demonstrating characteristics consistent with the MITRE ATT&CK technique T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application.
The technical flaw manifests as a weakness in the application's access control mechanisms that allows attackers to perform unauthorized operations including update, insert, and delete actions on sensitive data within the Oracle Banking Corporate Lending system. The vulnerability requires human interaction from users other than the attacker, suggesting that the exploitation may involve social engineering or user deception techniques that trick legitimate users into performing actions that inadvertently enable the attack. This requirement for user interaction places the vulnerability in the context of user-facing application attacks where the attack chain typically involves deception or manipulation of legitimate users.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond the immediate scope of Oracle Banking Corporate Lending, as successful exploitation can significantly affect additional products within the Oracle Financial Services ecosystem. The CVSS 3.0 Base Score of 5.4 indicates a moderate severity level with specific impacts to confidentiality and integrity, where attackers can gain unauthorized read access to data subsets and unauthorized write access to certain data within the system. This compromise affects the core financial data integrity and confidentiality of banking corporate lending operations, potentially exposing sensitive customer information, loan details, and financial transaction data.
The attack vector requires network access via HTTP and operates with low privilege requirements, making it particularly concerning for financial institutions that maintain extensive web-based interfaces for their banking applications. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable means that attackers with minimal technical expertise can leverage this weakness without requiring specialized tools or extensive knowledge of the system's internal workings. The combination of low attack complexity and the requirement for user interaction suggests that this vulnerability could be exploited through phishing campaigns or other social engineering approaches that manipulate legitimate users into performing actions that enable the attacker's access.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including patching affected systems to the latest Oracle Financial Services Applications versions, implementing network segmentation to limit access to the vulnerable application, and deploying enhanced monitoring for suspicious HTTP traffic patterns. The vulnerability's impact on both confidentiality and integrity makes it particularly dangerous for financial institutions where data manipulation could lead to financial losses, regulatory violations, and reputational damage. Security teams should also consider implementing additional access controls and user behavior monitoring to detect potential exploitation attempts that may not be immediately visible through standard security measures.