CVE-2018-2770 in Adaptive Access Manager
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Adaptive Access Manager component of Oracle Fusion Middleware (subcomponent: OAAM Admin). The supported version that is affected is 11.1.2.3.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Adaptive Access Manager. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle Adaptive Access Manager, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Adaptive Access Manager accessible data as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Adaptive Access Manager accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 7.6 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/02/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-2770 resides within Oracle Adaptive Access Manager, a component of Oracle Fusion Middleware that provides adaptive authentication and access control services. This specific flaw exists in the OAAM Admin subcomponent and affects version 11.1.2.3.0, which represents a critical security gap in enterprise access management systems. The vulnerability operates within the broader context of identity and access management solutions where unauthorized access can lead to cascading security failures across organizational networks.
This vulnerability manifests as an insufficient authentication mechanism that allows low privileged attackers to exploit a weakness in the administrative interface through HTTP network connections. The technical flaw essentially creates a path for unauthorized users to bypass normal authentication procedures and gain access to administrative functions. The CVSS 3.0 scoring of 7.6 indicates a high severity vulnerability with a base score reflecting the combination of low attack complexity, low privileges required, and the potential for significant confidentiality impact. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable means that an attacker with minimal technical expertise can leverage this weakness effectively.
The operational impact of CVE-2018-2770 extends beyond the immediate compromise of Oracle Adaptive Access Manager itself. Successful exploitation enables attackers to achieve unauthorized access to critical data and complete access to all data accessible through the compromised system. Additionally, attackers can perform unauthorized update, insert, or delete operations on sensitive data within the Oracle Adaptive Access Manager environment. This vulnerability represents a significant risk to enterprise security infrastructure as it provides attackers with administrative capabilities that can be used to manipulate access controls, modify user permissions, or extract sensitive information from the access management system.
The requirement for human interaction from a person other than the attacker indicates that while the vulnerability can be exploited remotely, it may require some form of social engineering or user involvement to complete the attack vector. This characteristic places the vulnerability in the context of supply chain attacks or targeted social engineering campaigns where an attacker might convince a legitimate user to perform actions that enable the exploitation. The CVSS vector analysis shows that the attack requires network access with low complexity and low privileges, while user interaction is necessary to complete the attack successfully. The S:C classification indicates that the vulnerability can impact additional products beyond the primary target, potentially causing cascading failures across interconnected systems. Organizations implementing Oracle Adaptive Access Manager should consider this vulnerability in their broader security posture and implement appropriate compensating controls to mitigate potential exploitation scenarios.
This vulnerability aligns with CWE-287 which addresses improper authentication issues in software systems, and represents a significant concern for organizations following ATT&CK framework considerations related to privilege escalation and credential access. The impact of such vulnerabilities in access management systems can lead to persistent threats within enterprise environments where the compromised system serves as a critical control point for access governance.