CVE-2018-2856 in Financial Services Basel Regulatory Capital Internal Ratings Based Approach
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Financial Services Basel Regulatory Capital Internal Ratings Based Approach component of Oracle Financial Services Applications (subcomponent: Portfolio, Attribution). The supported version that is affected is 8.0.x. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Financial Services Basel Regulatory Capital Internal Ratings Based Approach. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Financial Services Basel Regulatory Capital Internal Ratings Based Approach accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Financial Services Basel Regulatory Capital Internal Ratings Based Approach accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/28/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-2856 resides within Oracle Financial Services Applications version 8.0.x, specifically affecting the Basel Regulatory Capital Internal Ratings Based Approach component with the Portfolio and Attribution subcomponents. This represents a significant security weakness in financial regulatory systems that handle sensitive capital adequacy calculations and risk assessments. The flaw manifests as an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows attackers with minimal privileges to escalate their access rights within the financial services application environment.
This vulnerability operates through the HTTP protocol, making it accessible to attackers who can establish network connections to the affected system. The exploitability is classified as easily accessible due to the low privilege requirements needed for successful exploitation, typically requiring only basic network connectivity and minimal authentication credentials. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple data access, enabling attackers to perform destructive operations including unauthorized creation, deletion, and modification of critical financial data. The CVSS 3.0 score of 8.1 reflects the high severity of this flaw, particularly given the confidentiality and integrity impacts that can compromise the entire regulatory capital framework.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is particularly concerning within financial services environments where regulatory compliance and data integrity are paramount. Attackers who successfully exploit this vulnerability can gain complete access to all data within the Basel Regulatory Capital Internal Ratings Based Approach system, potentially compromising the accuracy and reliability of critical risk assessments and capital calculations. This could lead to severe regulatory violations, financial losses, and compromised risk management processes that are essential for maintaining financial stability. The vulnerability affects the core operational integrity of financial institutions that rely on accurate regulatory reporting and capital adequacy measurements.
From a cybersecurity perspective, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and represents a classic authorization bypass scenario that falls under the ATT&CK technique T1078 (Valid Accounts) and T1566 (Phishing). Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including applying Oracle's security patches, implementing network segmentation to restrict access to the affected components, and strengthening authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of maintaining up-to-date security controls in financial applications, particularly those handling regulatory data, as the consequences of exploitation extend beyond simple data compromise to potentially undermine entire financial regulatory frameworks and institutional risk management systems.