CVE-2018-3131 in Hospitality Gift
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Hospitality Gift and Loyalty component of Oracle Food and Beverage Applications. The supported version that is affected is 9.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker having Report privilege with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle Hospitality Gift and Loyalty executes to compromise Oracle Hospitality Gift and Loyalty. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Hospitality Gift and Loyalty accessible data as well as unauthorized update, insert, or delete access to some of Oracle Hospitality Gift and Loyalty accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 6.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/26/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-3131 resides within the Oracle Hospitality Gift and Loyalty component of Oracle Food and Beverage Applications, specifically affecting version 9.0. This represents a significant security weakness that exploits the trust model within the application's access control mechanisms. The vulnerability operates at the infrastructure level where the Oracle Hospitality Gift and Loyalty component executes, making it particularly dangerous as it targets the foundational security controls that govern user access and data integrity. The affected system architecture creates an attack surface that allows malicious actors with minimal privileges to escalate their access and compromise the entire application environment.
The technical flaw manifests through insufficient authorization controls within the reporting functionality of the Oracle Hospitality Gift and Loyalty system. An attacker with only Report privilege can leverage this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data and potentially modify the underlying database content. This weakness stems from inadequate validation of user permissions and insufficient separation of concerns between different privilege levels. The vulnerability's exploitability is classified as easily accessible due to the minimal privilege requirements needed to initiate the attack, combined with the fact that the attacker only needs to establish a logon session to the execution infrastructure. The underlying architecture fails to properly enforce the principle of least privilege, allowing a user with read-only reporting access to perform actions that should require higher administrative privileges.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends far beyond simple data exposure, creating potential for complete system compromise through unauthorized data manipulation. Successful exploitation can result in unauthorized access to critical customer data including loyalty points, gift card balances, and personal information, while simultaneously enabling attackers to modify or delete sensitive records. The confidentiality and integrity aspects of the security triad are severely compromised, with attackers potentially accessing all accessible data within the system and performing unauthorized updates to data repositories. This vulnerability essentially creates a backdoor that allows attackers to bypass normal access controls and directly manipulate the application's data store, potentially leading to financial loss, data corruption, and regulatory compliance violations.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2018-3131 should focus on immediate patch deployment and enhanced access control measures. Organizations must prioritize applying the official Oracle security patches to remediate the vulnerability in the affected Oracle Hospitality Gift and Loyalty 9.0 component. Additionally, implementing network segmentation and privilege separation can help limit the attack surface and prevent lateral movement within the infrastructure. The security controls should include enhanced monitoring of report privilege usage and implementation of role-based access controls that more strictly enforce the principle of least privilege. From a compliance perspective, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and represents a significant risk under ATT&CK framework category T1078 (Valid Accounts) and T1068 (Exploitation for Privilege Escalation). Organizations should also consider implementing database activity monitoring solutions to detect anomalous access patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts, while ensuring that audit logs capture all privileged activities for forensic analysis and compliance reporting purposes.