CVE-2018-3975 in Word Processor
Summary
by MITRE
An exploitable uninitialized variable vulnerability exists in the RTF-parsing functionality of Atlantis Word Processor 3.2.6 version. A specially crafted RTF file can leverage an uninitialized stack address, resulting in an out-of-bounds write, which in turn could lead to code execution.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/19/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-3975 represents a critical security flaw within the RTF parsing component of Atlantis Word Processor version 3.2.6. This issue manifests as an uninitialized variable vulnerability that occurs during the processing of Rich Text Format documents, which are commonly used for document exchange across different word processing applications. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and memory management practices within the parsing routine that handles RTF file structures. When a maliciously crafted RTF file is processed by the application, the uninitialized variable creates a predictable memory access pattern that can be exploited by attackers to manipulate program execution flow.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves an uninitialized stack variable that is subsequently used in a memory operation without proper initialization. This uninitialized variable contains arbitrary data from the stack memory, which when used in calculations or memory addressing operations, can result in an out-of-bounds write condition. The specific nature of this flaw places it under CWE-457, which categorizes uninitialized variables as a weakness that can lead to unpredictable behavior and potential exploitation. The out-of-bounds write operation occurs when the application attempts to write data to memory locations that are beyond the intended buffer boundaries, creating a condition where attacker-controlled data can overwrite critical program memory sections including function pointers, return addresses, or other executable code locations.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability presents a significant risk to users who may unknowingly open malicious RTF files, either through social engineering attacks or through compromised document delivery mechanisms. The exploitation of this vulnerability can result in arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the affected application, potentially leading to complete system compromise. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to execute malicious payloads, establish persistent access, or escalate privileges within the target environment. The attack vector is particularly concerning because RTF files are commonly shared in business environments and are often automatically opened by applications when double-clicked, making user awareness a critical but insufficient defense mechanism. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1204.002 which describes the use of malicious documents to execute code through application vulnerabilities.
The mitigation strategies for CVE-2018-3975 should focus on immediate remediation through software updates from the vendor, as the vulnerability exists in the parsing logic that requires core application modifications. Users should disable RTF file processing or implement strict file validation policies that prevent automatic opening of RTF documents. Network-level defenses can include filtering RTF files at email gateways and web proxies, while endpoint protection solutions should be configured to monitor for suspicious memory access patterns. Organizations should also implement application whitelisting policies to restrict execution of untrusted RTF processing applications and consider disabling RTF support entirely in environments where it is not required. The vulnerability highlights the importance of proper input validation and memory initialization practices as outlined in secure coding standards, particularly those addressing uninitialized variable usage and buffer overflow prevention techniques that are fundamental to preventing such exploitable conditions.