CVE-2018-3980 in Canvas Draw
Summary
by MITRE
An exploitable out-of-bounds write exists in the TIFF-parsing functionality of Canvas Draw version 5.0.0. A specially crafted TIFF image processed via the application can lead to an out-of-bounds write, overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker can deliver a TIFF image to trigger this vulnerability and gain code execution.
If you want to get best quality of vulnerability data, you may have to visit VulDB.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/06/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-3980 represents a critical out-of-bounds write flaw within the TIFF parsing implementation of Canvas Draw version 5.0.0. This vulnerability falls under the Common Weakness Enumeration category CWE-787, which specifically addresses out-of-bounds write conditions that can result in arbitrary code execution. The flaw exists in the application's handling of TIFF image files, where the parsing routine fails to properly validate array boundaries during image processing operations. When a maliciously crafted TIFF file is processed by the application, the parsing logic attempts to write data beyond the allocated memory buffer, creating a condition that can be exploited by attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when Canvas Draw encounters a specially constructed TIFF image that contains malformed metadata or image data structures. The application's TIFF parser does not adequately validate the dimensions or data lengths specified in the TIFF file headers, allowing an attacker to manipulate the parsing routine into writing data beyond the intended buffer boundaries. This out-of-bounds write can overwrite critical program data, function pointers, or return addresses, potentially enabling attackers to redirect execution flow and execute arbitrary code within the application's context. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it can be triggered through normal file processing operations, making it accessible to unauthenticated attackers who merely need to convince a victim to open a malicious TIFF file.
The operational impact of CVE-2018-3980 extends beyond simple code execution capabilities to encompass broader system compromise scenarios. When successfully exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to gain full control over the Canvas Draw application and potentially the underlying operating system, depending on the privilege level of the application process. The vulnerability affects users who process TIFF images in their workflow, making it particularly relevant in environments where image processing is common, such as graphic design studios, publishing houses, or digital asset management systems. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to establish persistent access, escalate privileges, or deploy additional malware components through the compromised application. The attack surface is further expanded due to the widespread use of TIFF format in professional imaging workflows, increasing the potential for successful exploitation across various target environments.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2018-3980 should focus on both immediate remediation and long-term defensive measures. The primary recommendation is to update Canvas Draw to a version that includes patched TIFF parsing routines that properly validate array boundaries and implement proper input sanitization. Organizations should also implement network-based defenses such as content filtering solutions that can detect and block malicious TIFF files before they reach end-user systems. Additionally, application-level protections should be considered including stack canaries, address space layout randomization, and data execution prevention mechanisms to make exploitation more difficult even if the vulnerability is present. Regular security assessments of image processing workflows and user awareness training regarding suspicious file attachments can further reduce the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of input validation in multimedia processing applications and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1203, which covers exploitation of software vulnerabilities through crafted input files. Organizations should also consider implementing sandboxing mechanisms for image processing operations to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts.