CVE-2018-5906 in Android
Summary
by MITRE
In all android releases(Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, QRD Android) from CAF using the linux kernel, there is a possible buffer overflow in debugfs module due to lack of check in size of input before copying into buffer.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/11/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-5906 represents a critical buffer overflow condition within the debugfs module of Android-based systems that utilize the Linux kernel. This issue affects multiple Android variants including Android for MSM, Firefox OS for MSM, and QRD Android, indicating a widespread impact across various device platforms. The vulnerability stems from insufficient validation of input parameters before buffer operations, creating an exploitable condition that could lead to system compromise.
The technical flaw manifests in the debugfs module where the kernel fails to properly validate the size of input data before copying it into a predetermined buffer space. This absence of size checking creates a classic buffer overflow scenario where malicious input could exceed the allocated buffer boundaries and overwrite adjacent memory regions. The vulnerability is particularly concerning as it exists within kernel space operations, meaning successful exploitation could result in privilege escalation and complete system control. According to CWE classification, this corresponds to CWE-121, which describes stack-based buffer overflow conditions, though the kernel context suggests more complex memory corruption possibilities.
The operational impact of CVE-2018-5906 extends beyond simple denial of service scenarios, as it provides potential attackers with pathways for privilege escalation and system compromise. Attackers could leverage this vulnerability through carefully crafted debugfs interface interactions to execute arbitrary code with kernel-level privileges. The attack surface is particularly broad given that the affected systems include various Android variants and MSM (Mobile Station Modem) platforms, making it a significant concern for mobile device security. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1068, which covers 'Exploitation for Privilege Escalation,' and T1059, covering 'Command and Scripting Interpreter,' as exploitation would likely involve executing malicious code within the kernel context.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2018-5906 should focus on implementing proper input validation and bounds checking within the debugfs module. Device manufacturers should prioritize applying kernel patches that include proper size validation before buffer copy operations, ensuring that input data cannot exceed allocated buffer boundaries. Additionally, system administrators should consider disabling debugfs interfaces when not actively needed for debugging purposes, as this reduces the attack surface for potential exploitation. The implementation of kernel address space layout randomization (KASLR) and other kernel hardening techniques can also provide additional protection layers. Security monitoring should include detection of unusual debugfs access patterns and potential buffer overflow attempts. Organizations should also implement regular security updates and maintain comprehensive vulnerability management programs to address similar issues in the kernel modules. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of input validation in kernel space operations and highlights the need for robust security practices in embedded system development.