CVE-2019-11062 in WMPro
Summary
by MITRE
The SUNNET WMPro v5.0 and v5.1 for eLearning system has OS Command Injection via "/teach/course/doajaxfileupload.php". The target server can be exploited without authentication.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/04/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2019-11062 affects the SUNNET WMPro eLearning system version 5.0 and 5.1, representing a critical operating system command injection flaw that undermines the security posture of educational institutions utilizing this platform. This vulnerability exists within the file upload functionality of the system's teaching module, specifically in the "/teach/course/doajaxfileupload.php" endpoint which processes file uploads without adequate input validation or sanitization mechanisms. The absence of authentication requirements for exploitation means that any remote attacker can leverage this flaw to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the vulnerable server, potentially leading to complete system compromise and unauthorized access to sensitive educational data.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability stems from improper input handling within the file upload process where user-supplied data is directly incorporated into system commands without proper sanitization or validation. This type of flaw falls under CWE-77 which categorizes improper neutralization of special elements used in OS commands, making it susceptible to command injection attacks. Attackers can manipulate the file upload parameters to inject malicious commands that will be executed by the underlying operating system, potentially allowing them to gain shell access, escalate privileges, or perform other malicious activities. The vulnerability's impact is amplified by the lack of authentication requirements, eliminating the need for prior access credentials and making exploitation more accessible to threat actors.
The operational consequences of this vulnerability extend beyond simple unauthorized access to encompass potential data breaches, system compromise, and disruption of educational services. Educational institutions relying on SUNNET WMPro systems face significant risks including exposure of student records, course materials, and institutional data. The vulnerability could enable attackers to establish persistent backdoors, install malware, or use the compromised system as a launch point for further attacks within the institution's network. Additionally, the compromise of an eLearning platform can result in service disruption, loss of educational continuity, and potential regulatory violations depending on the jurisdiction and data protection requirements in place.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2019-11062 should prioritize immediate patching of the affected SUNNET WMPro versions to address the command injection vulnerability in the file upload functionality. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to the vulnerable system and establish robust input validation mechanisms to prevent command injection attacks. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect suspicious file upload activities and command execution patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. The implementation of web application firewalls and proper access controls can provide additional defense layers against such attacks. Organizations should also conduct comprehensive security assessments of their eLearning platforms and implement regular vulnerability scanning to identify similar weaknesses in other system components. This vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of secure coding practices and proper input validation in web applications, aligning with ATT&CK technique T1059 which covers execution through command and scripting interpreters, highlighting the need for robust defenses against OS command injection attacks.