CVE-2019-11277 in NFS Volume Service
Summary
by MITRE
Cloud Foundry NFS Volume Service, 1.7.x versions prior to 1.7.11 and 2.x versions prior to 2.3.0, is vulnerable to LDAP injection. A remote authenticated malicious space developer can potentially inject LDAP filters via service instance creation, facilitating the malicious space developer to deny service or perform a dictionary attack.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/27/2023
The Cloud Foundry NFS Volume Service vulnerability CVE-2019-11277 represents a critical LDAP injection flaw that affects versions prior to 1.7.11 and 2.3.0. This vulnerability resides within the service instance creation process where user input is improperly sanitized before being incorporated into LDAP filter constructs. The flaw allows authenticated malicious users with space developer privileges to manipulate LDAP queries through crafted service instance parameters, potentially compromising the integrity of the underlying directory service infrastructure.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms within the NFS Volume Service component. When a space developer creates a service instance, the system accepts user-provided parameters that are subsequently used to construct LDAP filters without proper escaping or encoding. This primitive injection vector enables attackers to inject malicious LDAP filter syntax that can alter the intended query behavior. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-91, which specifically addresses improper neutralization of special elements in LDAP queries, and represents a classic example of how insufficient input sanitization can lead to authentication bypass or privilege escalation scenarios.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple denial of service attacks, as it creates opportunities for credential harvesting and unauthorized access exploitation. A malicious space developer could leverage this vulnerability to perform dictionary attacks against the LDAP directory by crafting filter expressions that target specific user accounts or groups. Additionally, the attacker could potentially enumerate valid users or system resources by manipulating LDAP search filters, thereby compromising the confidentiality and integrity of the directory service. This vulnerability particularly affects organizations that rely heavily on LDAP for authentication and authorization within their Cloud Foundry deployments, as it undermines the trust boundaries established by the platform's access control mechanisms.
Organizations should immediately implement mitigations including upgrading to the patched versions 1.7.11 and 2.3.0, which incorporate proper input sanitization and LDAP filter escaping mechanisms. Network segmentation and access control policies should be reviewed to limit the scope of space developer privileges, particularly for users who do not require full administrative capabilities. The mitigation strategy should also include monitoring for anomalous LDAP query patterns and implementing additional authentication controls such as multi-factor authentication for privileged accounts. This vulnerability demonstrates the importance of following the principle of least privilege and maintaining up-to-date security patches across all components of cloud infrastructure, as highlighted in the ATT&CK framework under privilege escalation and credential access techniques. Organizations should conduct comprehensive security assessments to identify other potential injection vectors within their Cloud Foundry environments and ensure that all user inputs are properly validated and sanitized before being processed by backend services.