CVE-2019-1300 in Edge
Summary
by MITRE
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka 'Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-1138, CVE-2019-1217, CVE-2019-1237, CVE-2019-1298.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/19/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2019-1300 represents a critical memory corruption flaw within Microsoft Edge's Chakra scripting engine that enables remote code execution. This vulnerability specifically manifests when the Chakra engine processes certain object manipulations in memory, creating conditions that can be exploited by attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected systems. The issue affects Microsoft Edge browsers and is distinct from several other related vulnerabilities including CVE-2019-1138, CVE-2019-1217, CVE-2019-1237, and CVE-2019-1298, each representing different attack vectors within the same Chakra engine framework.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability lies in improper memory management within the Chakra scripting engine's object handling mechanisms. When Edge processes JavaScript code that involves specific object operations, the engine fails to properly validate memory boundaries during object manipulation, leading to memory corruption conditions. This memory corruption can be leveraged by attackers to overwrite critical memory locations with malicious code, effectively allowing remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the targeted user. The vulnerability operates at the intersection of software security and exploit development, where improper bounds checking and memory management create pathways for malicious code injection.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses significant risks to enterprise environments and individual users alike. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability through malicious websites or web content without requiring user interaction, making it particularly dangerous for web browsing activities. The remote code execution capability means that successful exploitation could result in complete system compromise, data exfiltration, or establishment of persistent backdoors. Organizations running Microsoft Edge browsers are particularly vulnerable, with the attack surface expanding to include web applications, email clients, and any system where Edge is the default browser. The vulnerability's classification under CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read) and CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write) demonstrates its fundamental nature as a memory safety issue that affects the core execution engine of the browser.
Security mitigations for CVE-2019-1300 should focus on immediate patching of affected Microsoft Edge installations, as Microsoft released security updates to address this specific memory corruption issue. Organizations should implement browser hardening measures including disabling unnecessary JavaScript features, implementing content security policies, and deploying web application firewalls to monitor and filter suspicious web traffic. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 (JavaScript) and T1203 (Exploitation for Client Execution), emphasizing the need for layered defensive strategies. Additionally, network monitoring solutions should be configured to detect anomalous JavaScript execution patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts, while endpoint protection platforms should be updated to recognize and block malicious payloads associated with this vulnerability class.