CVE-2019-16130 in YII2-CMS
Summary
by MITRE
YII2-CMS v1.0 has XSS in protected\core\modules\home\models\Contact.php via a name field to /contact.html.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/18/2023
The vulnerability CVE-2019-16130 represents a cross-site scripting vulnerability discovered in YII2-CMS version 1.0 within the protected directory structure. This issue arises from insufficient input validation and output encoding mechanisms that fail to properly sanitize user-supplied data before rendering it in web responses. The vulnerability specifically affects the protected section of the CMS, indicating that the attack surface is limited to authenticated or protected areas of the application rather than public-facing interfaces.
The technical flaw manifests when user input containing malicious script code is processed and subsequently displayed without adequate sanitization or encoding. This occurs at the point where data enters the application through forms, parameters, or other user interaction points within the protected administrative or user areas. The vulnerability allows attackers to inject malicious JavaScript code that executes in the context of other users' browsers, potentially enabling session hijacking, credential theft, or further exploitation of the application's functionality.
From an operational impact perspective, this vulnerability poses significant risks to the security posture of the affected CMS deployment. Attackers who can exploit this XSS flaw can manipulate the application's behavior, steal sensitive information from authenticated users, and potentially escalate their privileges within the system. The protected nature of the affected area suggests that the vulnerability may be more difficult to exploit initially, but once achieved, could provide access to administrative functions or sensitive user data. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-79 which categorizes cross-site scripting flaws as a critical security weakness in web applications.
The attack vector typically involves crafting malicious input that gets stored or directly rendered in the protected sections of the CMS. This could occur through content management interfaces, user profile modifications, or administrative configuration settings where user input is not properly validated or escaped. The vulnerability demonstrates a failure in implementing proper input sanitization and output encoding practices that are fundamental to preventing XSS attacks. Security frameworks and standards such as those outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and MITRE ATT&CK framework emphasize the importance of addressing such injection vulnerabilities that can lead to broader compromise of web applications.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2019-16130 should focus on implementing comprehensive input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application. Organizations should ensure that all user-supplied data is properly sanitized before being processed or displayed, with particular attention to the protected administrative areas. The implementation of Content Security Policy headers can provide additional defense-in-depth measures to prevent execution of unauthorized scripts. Regular security testing, including dynamic application security testing and manual penetration testing, should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other parts of the application. Updates to the YII2-CMS framework should be prioritized to address this vulnerability, as it represents a known weakness that could be exploited by threat actors. The remediation process should also include comprehensive code reviews to identify and fix similar input validation issues throughout the application codebase, ensuring that all user-facing interfaces properly implement security controls against cross-site scripting attacks.