CVE-2019-17115 in 2FA Enterprise Server
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in WiKID 2FA Enterprise Server through 4.2.0-b2047 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML that is triggered when Logs.jsp is visited. The rendered_message column is retrieved and displayed, unsanitized, on Logs.jsp. A remote attack can populate the rendered_message column with malicious values via: (1) H parameter to /wikid/servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.GetDomainHash (2) S parameter to: - /wikid/DomainData - /wikid/PreRegisterLookup - /wikid/PreRegister - /wikid/InitDevice - /wikid/servlet/InitDevice2S - /wikid/servlet/InitDevice3S - /servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.InitDevice2S - /servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.InitDevice3S - /servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.InitDevice4S - /wikid/servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.InitDevice4AES - /wikid/servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.InitDevice5AES (3) a parameter to: - /wikid/PreRegisterLookup - /wikid/InitDevice - /wikid/servlet/InitDevice2S - /wikid/servlet/InitDevice3S - /servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.InitDevice2S - /servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.InitDevice3S - /servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.InitDevice4S - /wikid/servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.InitDevice4AES - /wikid/servlet/com.wikidsystems.server.InitDevice5AES.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/16/2024
The vulnerability CVE-2019-17115 represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw in the WiKID 2FA Enterprise Server version 4.2.0-b2047 and earlier, which exposes organizations to significant security risks through remote code execution via web script injection. This vulnerability specifically targets the Logs.jsp web page component where user-supplied data is rendered without proper sanitization, creating an ideal environment for malicious actors to execute arbitrary scripts in the context of authenticated users' browsers. The flaw stems from the application's failure to validate or escape input parameters before displaying them in the rendered_message column, which is subsequently rendered on the Logs.jsp page, making it a prime target for persistent XSS attacks.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through multiple attack vectors that leverage various parameters across different servlet endpoints within the WiKID authentication system. Attackers can manipulate the H parameter in the GetDomainHash servlet to inject malicious content into the rendered_message column, while other parameters such as S and a across numerous endpoints including PreRegisterLookup, InitDevice, and various InitDevice2S through InitDevice5AES servlets provide additional injection points. These parameters are processed by the server-side components and stored in the database without proper sanitization, creating a persistent XSS vulnerability that can be triggered whenever the Logs.jsp page is accessed. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it affects core authentication functionality and can be exploited to compromise user sessions, steal authentication tokens, or redirect users to malicious websites.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it can be leveraged for session hijacking, credential theft, and privilege escalation within the authentication system. When legitimate users access the Logs.jsp page, their browsers execute the malicious scripts that have been injected through the vulnerable parameters, potentially allowing attackers to steal session cookies, perform actions on behalf of authenticated users, or gain unauthorized access to sensitive authentication data. The vulnerability's persistence stems from the fact that malicious content stored in the rendered_message column remains active until manually cleared, making it particularly dangerous for enterprise environments where authentication logs are frequently accessed by administrators and security personnel. According to CWE-79, this vulnerability directly maps to Cross-Site Scripting flaws, while the ATT&CK framework categorizes this as a web application attack vector under T1190 - Exploit Public-Facing Application, where adversaries target vulnerabilities in externally accessible web applications.
Organizations affected by this vulnerability should immediately implement multiple layers of mitigation strategies to protect their authentication infrastructure. The primary remediation approach involves implementing comprehensive input validation and output encoding mechanisms across all parameters that interact with the rendered_message column, ensuring that all user-supplied data is properly sanitized before being stored or displayed. Additionally, implementing Content Security Policy headers can provide an additional layer of protection by restricting the sources from which scripts can be executed within the application context. Network segmentation and access controls should be enforced to limit access to the vulnerable endpoints, while regular security audits should be conducted to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities in other web applications. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper input validation and output encoding in web applications, as highlighted by the OWASP Top Ten project's emphasis on injection flaws and the need for robust sanitization of user inputs in enterprise authentication systems.