CVE-2019-2790 in FLEXCUBE Universal Banking
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking component of Oracle Financial Services Applications (subcomponent: Infrastructure). Supported versions that are affected are 12.0.1-12.0.3, 12.1.0-12.4.0 and 14.0.0-14.2.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 5.4 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/05/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2019-2790 resides within Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking, a critical component of Oracle Financial Services Applications that serves as the backbone for banking operations. This particular weakness exists in the Infrastructure subcomponent and affects multiple version ranges including 12.0.1 through 12.0.3, 12.1.0 through 12.4.0, and 14.0.0 through 14.2.0, indicating a widespread impact across the product's lifecycle. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable suggests that attackers with minimal privileges and network access can leverage this flaw to compromise the system, making it particularly dangerous for financial institutions that rely on this platform for their core banking services.
The technical flaw manifests as a weakness that allows attackers with low privilege levels to perform unauthorized operations against the affected Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking system. This vulnerability specifically enables unauthorized update, insert, and delete operations on certain data accessible through the system, while also providing unauthorized read access to a subset of the accessible data. The attack vector requires only network access via HTTP, which means that the vulnerability can be exploited from external networks without requiring physical access or elevated privileges within the system. The CVSS 3.0 score of 5.4 reflects the moderate severity of the impact, with equal emphasis on both confidentiality and integrity implications, though availability remains unaffected in this particular vulnerability.
From an operational standpoint, the impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data compromise, as it provides attackers with the capability to modify or delete critical banking data while simultaneously gaining access to sensitive information. This dual nature of the vulnerability means that financial institutions could face both data integrity issues and data leakage concerns, potentially affecting customer records, transaction histories, and other sensitive banking information. The low privilege requirement and network-based attack vector make this vulnerability particularly attractive to threat actors who may be seeking to gain unauthorized access to banking systems without detection. The vulnerability's presence across multiple versions suggests that organizations may have been exposed for extended periods, potentially allowing attackers to establish persistent access or conduct prolonged reconnaissance activities.
Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation efforts including applying the relevant Oracle security patches and updates that address this vulnerability. Network segmentation and access controls should be reviewed to limit exposure of the affected systems to untrusted networks. The implementation of web application firewalls and monitoring solutions can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts. Additionally, organizations should conduct comprehensive vulnerability assessments to identify any other potentially affected systems within their environment. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and represents a significant concern for financial institutions under regulatory frameworks such as the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and other financial services compliance requirements. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1071.004 (Application Layer Protocol: DNS) and T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application) techniques, highlighting the importance of network monitoring and application security controls to prevent unauthorized access to financial applications.