CVE-2019-2840 in FLEXCUBE Universal Banking
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking component of Oracle Financial Services Applications (subcomponent: Infrastructure). Supported versions that are affected are 12.0.1-12.0.3, 12.1.0-12.4.0 and 14.0.0-14.2.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 5.7 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/05/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2019-2840 resides within Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking, a critical component of Oracle Financial Services Applications that serves as the foundation for banking operations. This particular weakness affects multiple version ranges including 12.0.1 through 12.0.3, 12.1.0 through 12.4.0, and 14.0.0 through 14.2.0, indicating a widespread impact across various generations of the financial services platform. The vulnerability is classified as easily exploitable, meaning that attackers with minimal technical expertise can leverage it to compromise the targeted system, making it particularly dangerous in environments where security controls may be insufficient.
The technical flaw manifests through the Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking infrastructure component, where an attacker with low privileges and network access via HTTP can exploit this weakness. This vulnerability requires human interaction from users other than the attacker, suggesting that social engineering or user manipulation may be necessary to facilitate the attack. The attack vector operates over HTTP, indicating that the vulnerability could be exploited through standard web protocols without requiring specialized tools or deep system knowledge. The CVSS 3.0 scoring system rates this vulnerability at 5.7, with a base score that reflects significant confidentiality impacts, though the lack of integrity and availability impacts suggests the primary concern is unauthorized data access rather than system disruption.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe, as successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all data accessible through the Oracle FLEXCUBE Universal Banking system. This represents a critical risk for financial institutions that rely on this platform for their core banking operations, as the potential for data breaches and financial fraud is substantial. The vulnerability's classification under CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) would likely fall within categories related to insufficient authorization or improper access control mechanisms, particularly those involving web application security flaws. Organizations implementing this system face significant exposure risks, as the vulnerability could enable attackers to access sensitive customer information, transaction records, and other confidential financial data.
Mitigation strategies should focus on implementing immediate network-level controls including firewall restrictions to limit HTTP access to the affected system, ensuring that only authorized personnel can access the platform through secure channels. Regular patch management processes must be established to address this vulnerability through Oracle's security updates, which would likely involve applying the specific patches released to correct the authorization flaw. Network segmentation should be implemented to isolate the FLEXCUBE Universal Banking component from less secure network zones, reducing the attack surface available to potential adversaries. Additionally, organizations should enhance their monitoring capabilities to detect unusual access patterns or unauthorized attempts to access the system, as the human interaction requirement means that social engineering attacks may be employed to facilitate exploitation. The ATT&CK framework would classify this vulnerability under privilege escalation and credential access tactics, where the low privilege attacker could leverage this weakness to gain broader system access. Regular security awareness training for personnel becomes crucial as the requirement for human interaction suggests that phishing or other social engineering techniques could be employed to manipulate legitimate users into facilitating the attack, making comprehensive security education an essential component of the overall mitigation strategy.