CVE-2019-2994 in Marketing
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Marketing product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Marketing Administration). Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.1-12.1.3. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Marketing. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle Marketing, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Marketing accessible data as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Marketing accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 8.2 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/09/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2019-2994 represents a critical security flaw within Oracle Marketing component of the Oracle E-Business Suite ecosystem. This vulnerability exists in versions 12.1.1 through 12.1.3, making it a widespread concern for organizations utilizing these specific releases. The flaw manifests as an easily exploitable weakness that allows unauthenticated attackers to compromise the Oracle Marketing system through standard HTTP network connections, eliminating the need for prior authentication or privileged access. The vulnerability's classification as CVSS 3.0 Base Score 8.2 indicates a high severity level, with significant impacts to both confidentiality and integrity aspects of the affected system. The attack vector requires network access via HTTP and presents a low complexity requirement, making it particularly dangerous as it can be exploited by threat actors with minimal technical expertise.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from insufficient access controls and authentication mechanisms within the Oracle Marketing administrative interface. Attackers can leverage this flaw to gain unauthorized access to critical data within the Oracle Marketing component, potentially compromising all accessible data within the system. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond just the Marketing module itself, as successful exploitation can significantly affect additional Oracle E-Business Suite products that may share underlying infrastructure or data repositories. This cascading effect demonstrates how vulnerabilities in one component can create broader security implications across an entire enterprise application suite. The requirement for human interaction from a person other than the attacker suggests that social engineering or user-specific actions may be necessary to complete the attack, though the initial exploitation remains largely automated and network-based.
The operational impact of CVE-2019-2994 is substantial and multifaceted, encompassing both data compromise and operational disruption. Organizations affected by this vulnerability face the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive marketing data, customer information, and business-critical analytics that could be used for competitive advantage or malicious purposes. The ability to perform unauthorized update, insert, or delete operations against Oracle Marketing accessible data creates additional risks including data integrity compromise, manipulation of marketing campaigns, and potential financial losses. The CVSS vector indicates that while the attack requires user interaction, the potential for confidentiality impact is rated as high, suggesting that attackers could access sensitive information that might include personally identifiable information, proprietary business data, or strategic marketing plans. The integrity impact rating of low suggests that while the system may be compromised, the primary threat lies in data access rather than system modification, though the potential for data manipulation remains significant.
Organizations must implement immediate mitigations to address this vulnerability, including applying the relevant Oracle Critical Patch Updates (CPU) that specifically address CVE-2019-2994. Network-level protections should be implemented through firewalls and access control lists to restrict HTTP access to Oracle Marketing components, particularly when these systems are exposed to untrusted networks. The implementation of network segmentation strategies can help limit the potential impact of exploitation by isolating Oracle Marketing systems from other critical business applications. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual access patterns or attempts to exploit the vulnerability, with particular attention to HTTP requests targeting Marketing administrative interfaces. Regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar weaknesses in other Oracle E-Business Suite components, as this vulnerability demonstrates how seemingly isolated flaws can create broader security implications. Organizations should also consider implementing additional authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication for administrative access, and establish comprehensive incident response procedures to address potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) and can be categorized under ATT&CK technique T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application) and T1071.004 (Application Layer Protocol: DNS) when considering the network exploitation aspects of the attack vector.