CVE-2019-5475 in Nexus Yum Repository Plugin
Summary
by MITRE
The Nexus Yum Repository Plugin in v2 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution when instances using CommandLineExecutor.java are supplied vulnerable data, such as the Yum Configuration Capability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/11/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2019-5475 affects the Nexus Yum Repository Plugin version 2, presenting a critical remote code execution risk that stems from improper input validation within the CommandLineExecutor.java component. This flaw enables attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the affected system by manipulating Yum configuration capabilities and other vulnerable data inputs. The vulnerability specifically targets instances where the plugin processes user-supplied data without adequate sanitization, creating a pathway for malicious actors to gain unauthorized control over the repository server.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability resides in the CommandLineExecutor.java file which handles command execution operations for Yum repository management. When the plugin receives Yum configuration data or other input parameters, it fails to properly validate or sanitize these inputs before incorporating them into system commands. This primitive input handling allows for command injection attacks where crafted malicious input can be interpreted and executed as shell commands by the underlying operating system. The vulnerability operates at the intersection of improper input validation and command execution, creating a direct path for privilege escalation and system compromise.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple remote code execution to encompass complete system compromise and potential data exfiltration. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can execute commands with the privileges of the Nexus repository service account, potentially leading to full system access, data theft, or further lateral movement within the network infrastructure. The affected environment becomes vulnerable to persistent backdoor installation, log manipulation, and unauthorized access to sensitive repository content. This vulnerability particularly impacts organizations relying on Nexus repository managers for package distribution, as it provides attackers with a direct method to compromise their software supply chain.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2019-5475 should prioritize immediate patching of the Nexus Yum Repository Plugin to version 2.15.0 or later, which addresses the command injection vulnerability through proper input sanitization and validation mechanisms. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to Nexus repository servers and restrict command execution capabilities through privilege controls. The implementation of input validation frameworks and regular security assessments can help identify similar vulnerabilities in other components. Additionally, monitoring for suspicious command execution patterns and implementing application firewalls can provide additional layers of defense. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-77 and CWE-94 categories related to command injection and code execution flaws, and maps to ATT&CK techniques involving command and control operations and privilege escalation through system manipulation.