CVE-2019-5991 in Garoon
Summary
by MITRE
SQL injection vulnerability in the Cybozu Garoon 4.0.0 to 4.10.3 allows remote authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/19/2023
The CVE-2019-5991 vulnerability represents a critical SQL injection flaw discovered in Cybozu Garoon versions 4.0.0 through 4.10.3, exposing organizations to significant security risks. This vulnerability specifically affects the authentication and authorization mechanisms of the Garoon platform, which serves as a collaborative workspace solution for enterprise environments. The flaw allows remote authenticated attackers to manipulate database queries through unspecified input vectors, potentially leading to complete database compromise and unauthorized access to sensitive organizational data. The vulnerability's impact is particularly concerning given that Garoon is widely deployed in corporate settings where it handles critical business information including employee records, calendar data, and document management systems.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization within the application's database interaction components. Attackers with valid credentials can leverage this flaw to inject malicious SQL commands into the application's query processing pipeline, bypassing normal authentication checks and gaining unauthorized access to underlying database resources. This type of vulnerability aligns with CWE-89, which specifically addresses SQL injection flaws where untrusted data is incorporated into SQL queries without proper sanitization. The vulnerability's classification as a remote authenticated attack means that exploitation requires legitimate user credentials but does not require physical access to the system, making it particularly dangerous in environments where user accounts may be compromised through social engineering or credential theft attacks.
The operational impact of CVE-2019-5991 extends beyond immediate data breaches to encompass long-term organizational security implications. Successful exploitation could enable attackers to extract sensitive information such as user credentials, personal identification data, business documents, and system configuration details. The vulnerability's presence in multiple versions of the Garoon platform suggests a widespread exposure across organizations that may have delayed patching or migration efforts. From an attacker's perspective, this vulnerability maps to several MITRE ATT&CK techniques including T1078 Valid Accounts for initial access and T1046 Network Service Scanning for reconnaissance activities that may precede exploitation. Organizations utilizing Garoon for critical business functions face potential regulatory compliance violations, financial losses, and reputational damage if this vulnerability is exploited.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2019-5991 should prioritize immediate patching of affected Garoon versions to the latest available releases that contain proper input validation and sanitization measures. Organizations must implement comprehensive credential management policies including regular password rotation, multi-factor authentication deployment, and privileged access monitoring to reduce the risk of unauthorized exploitation. Network segmentation and database access controls should be enforced to limit the blast radius of potential attacks, while application-level firewalls and intrusion detection systems can provide additional layers of protection. Security teams should conduct thorough vulnerability assessments of their Garoon deployments and implement database audit logging to detect anomalous query patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of secure coding practices and regular security testing including penetration testing and code reviews to identify similar injection flaws in other enterprise applications. Organizations should consider implementing database activity monitoring solutions to detect and respond to suspicious SQL query patterns that may indicate exploitation of similar vulnerabilities in their IT infrastructure.