CVE-2019-7344 in ZoneMinder
Summary
by MITRE
Reflected XSS exists in ZoneMinder through 1.32.3, allowing an attacker to execute HTML or JavaScript code in the view 'filter' as it insecurely prints the 'filter[Name]' (aka Filter name) value on the web page without applying any proper filtration.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/06/2023
The vulnerability CVE-2019-7344 represents a classic reflected cross-site scripting flaw in ZoneMinder version 1.32.3 and earlier, demonstrating a critical weakness in input validation and output sanitization within the web interface. This vulnerability specifically affects the filter functionality of the application, where user-provided input is directly echoed back to the browser without proper sanitization, creating an avenue for malicious code execution. The flaw occurs when the system processes the filter[Name] parameter and insecurely prints its value on the web page, exposing the application to potential exploitation by attackers who can craft malicious payloads that will execute in the context of other users' browsers. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-79 as a failure to sanitize or incorrectly sanitize user-controllable input, making it a prime example of insecure data handling in web applications.
The operational impact of this reflected XSS vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it can be leveraged to hijack user sessions, steal sensitive information, or redirect victims to malicious websites. Attackers can craft specially formatted URLs containing malicious JavaScript code that, when clicked by an authenticated user, will execute within the user's browser context with the privileges of that user. This creates a significant risk for ZoneMinder deployments where multiple users access the system, as the vulnerability can be exploited to gain unauthorized access to surveillance footage, modify system configurations, or escalate privileges within the application. The reflected nature of the vulnerability means that the malicious payload is not stored on the server but is instead reflected back to the user through the vulnerable parameter, making it particularly dangerous as it can be delivered via email links, chat messages, or any other vector that directs users to the vulnerable page with malicious parameters.
Security professionals should consider this vulnerability in the context of the ATT&CK framework under the T1566 technique for initial access through spearphishing, where the malicious payload could be delivered through crafted emails or web links. The vulnerability also relates to T1071 for application layer protocol usage, as the attack vector utilizes HTTP protocols to deliver malicious content. Organizations using ZoneMinder should implement immediate mitigations including input validation, output encoding, and the implementation of Content Security Policy headers to prevent execution of unauthorized scripts. The recommended remediation involves proper sanitization of all user inputs before rendering them in web pages, implementing proper HTTP headers to restrict script execution, and conducting thorough input validation to prevent malicious payloads from being processed. Additionally, the application should be updated to a patched version that properly handles the filter[Name] parameter through secure coding practices that prevent XSS vulnerabilities, aligning with OWASP Top 10 recommendations for preventing cross-site scripting attacks through proper input sanitization and output encoding mechanisms.