CVE-2019-7877 in Magento
Summary
by MITRE
A stored cross-site scripting vulnerability exists in the admin panel of Magento 2.1 prior to 2.1.18, Magento 2.2 prior to 2.2.9, Magento 2.3 prior to 2.3.2. An authenticated user with privileges to manage orders can inject malicious javascript.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/19/2020
This vulnerability represents a critical stored cross-site scripting flaw that affects multiple versions of the Magento e-commerce platform, specifically impacting the administrative interface where order management functionality resides. The vulnerability exists in the order management module of Magento 2.1 versions before 2.1.18, Magento 2.2 versions before 2.2.9, and Magento 2.3 versions before 2.3.2. The flaw allows an authenticated attacker with sufficient privileges to manipulate order data in a manner that persists within the application's database, creating a stored XSS condition that can execute malicious javascript code in the context of other users' browsers.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding within the order management forms where customer data is processed and displayed. When an attacker with order management privileges submits malicious javascript code through order fields such as customer names, addresses, or order notes, the application fails to properly sanitize this input before storing it in the database. Subsequently, when other administrators or users view these orders in the admin panel, the malicious script executes in their browser context, potentially allowing for session hijacking, credential theft, or redirection to malicious sites. This vulnerability operates under CWE-79 which specifically addresses cross-site scripting flaws, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1566.001 for initial access through malicious content.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft, as it can enable attackers to escalate privileges within the administrative environment. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can potentially access sensitive customer data, modify order information, or even manipulate the entire e-commerce platform. The persistence of the attack through stored data means that the malicious code executes automatically whenever affected pages are loaded, making it particularly dangerous for administrators who regularly review order information. The vulnerability's presence in the admin panel creates a direct path to compromise the entire Magento installation, potentially allowing for data exfiltration, financial fraud, or complete system takeover.
Organizations should prioritize immediate patching of affected Magento versions to address this vulnerability, with the recommended updates being Magento 2.1.18, 2.2.9, and 2.3.2 respectively. Additional mitigations include implementing strict input validation at multiple layers of the application, enabling comprehensive output encoding for all user-supplied data, and establishing network segmentation to limit administrative access. Security monitoring should focus on unusual order creation patterns, particularly those involving malformed data or suspicious character sequences that might indicate attempted exploitation. Regular security audits of administrative interfaces and privileged user activities can help detect potential exploitation attempts. Organizations should also consider implementing web application firewalls and content security policies to add additional defense layers against XSS attacks, while ensuring proper role-based access controls prevent unnecessary administrative privileges from being granted to users who do not require such access for their legitimate business functions.