CVE-2019-7886 in Magento
Summary
by MITRE
A cryptograhic flaw exists in Magento 2.1 prior to 2.1.18, Magento 2.2 prior to 2.2.9, Magento 2.3 prior to 2.3.2. A weak cryptograhic mechanism is used to generate the intialization vector in multiple security relevant contexts.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/19/2020
The cryptographic flaw identified in CVE-2019-7886 represents a critical vulnerability affecting multiple versions of the Magento e-commerce platform. This vulnerability stems from the improper implementation of cryptographic mechanisms specifically within the initialization vector generation process. The weakness manifests in multiple security-relevant contexts where the system relies on predictable or insufficiently random initialization vectors, undermining the overall security posture of the platform. The vulnerability affects Magento 2.1 versions prior to 2.1.18, Magento 2.2 versions prior to 2.2.9, and Magento 2.3 versions prior to 2.3.2, indicating a widespread impact across the platform's major release lines.
The technical flaw resides in the cryptographic implementation where weak random number generation is employed for creating initialization vectors used in encryption operations. This weakness directly violates established cryptographic best practices and standards, particularly those outlined in NIST SP 800-90A regarding cryptographic random number generation. The initialization vector generation mechanism fails to produce sufficiently random values, creating predictable patterns that adversaries can exploit. According to CWE-330, this vulnerability maps to the weakness of using insufficiently random values in cryptographic contexts, while the broader implications align with CWE-327 which addresses the use of weak cryptographic algorithms or mechanisms.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends across multiple security domains within the Magento platform. Attackers who can exploit this weakness gain the ability to compromise encrypted data transmissions, potentially accessing sensitive customer information, payment details, and other confidential data. The vulnerability particularly affects data at rest and in transit, as the weak initialization vectors can be leveraged to perform cryptographic attacks such as known-plaintext attacks or pattern analysis. This weakness creates opportunities for adversaries to decrypt sensitive communications, manipulate data integrity, and potentially escalate privileges within the system. The vulnerability's presence in multiple versions indicates that organizations running affected Magento installations face prolonged exposure to potential exploitation.
Security practitioners should prioritize immediate remediation through official patches provided by Magento, specifically upgrading to the affected versions mentioned in the CVE description. The patch addresses the cryptographic implementation by strengthening the random number generation mechanism used for initialization vector creation. Organizations should also implement comprehensive monitoring to detect potential exploitation attempts and conduct thorough security assessments of their Magento deployments. Additional mitigations include implementing network segmentation, strengthening access controls, and ensuring proper key management practices. The vulnerability's classification under ATT&CK technique T1548.001 for privilege escalation and T1071.004 for application layer protocols underscores the need for layered security approaches. Organizations should also consider implementing cryptographic validation tools and regular security audits to prevent similar weaknesses from emerging in other cryptographic implementations within their infrastructure.