CVE-2019-7975 in Photoshop CC
Summary
by MITRE
Adobe Photoshop CC versions 19.1.8 and earlier and 20.0.5 and earlier have a type confusion vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/06/2020
Adobe Photoshop contains a type confusion vulnerability that arises from improper handling of object types during memory operations within the application's processing pipeline. This vulnerability exists in versions 19.1.8 and earlier, as well as 20.0.5 and earlier, where the software fails to properly validate type information when processing certain image file formats. The flaw occurs when the application attempts to execute operations on objects that have been incorrectly typed or when type information becomes corrupted during memory management processes. This type confusion allows an attacker to manipulate memory layout and control flow, creating opportunities for privilege escalation and arbitrary code execution.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the manipulation of image parsing routines that handle various file formats including psd, psb, and other proprietary Adobe formats. When Photoshop processes malformed or specially crafted image files, the application's internal type checking mechanisms fail to properly distinguish between different object types, leading to memory corruption that can be exploited by malicious actors. The vulnerability specifically relates to how the software manages object references and type information during complex image processing operations, where the type confusion can be triggered through carefully constructed input data that forces the application into an unintended execution path.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability presents significant risk to users who regularly process images from untrusted sources or when working with third-party plugins that may introduce additional attack vectors. Attackers can leverage this flaw by crafting malicious image files that, when opened in Photoshop, trigger the type confusion during parsing operations. The arbitrary code execution capability allows for complete system compromise, potentially enabling attackers to install malware, steal sensitive data, or establish persistent backdoors. The vulnerability is particularly concerning in enterprise environments where Photoshop is widely used for graphic design and image editing tasks, as it can serve as a primary attack vector for lateral movement and privilege escalation.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate patching of affected Photoshop versions to the latest releases that contain type safety improvements and enhanced input validation. Organizations should implement strict image file validation procedures and consider using sandboxing techniques to isolate Photoshop execution environments. Network segmentation and access controls can help limit the potential impact if exploitation occurs, while regular security awareness training should emphasize the dangers of opening untrusted image files. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-466, which addresses the issue of "Return of Pointer Value Outside of Expected Range" and relates to ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for "Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell" as attackers may use PowerShell scripts to automate exploitation or establish persistence following successful exploitation of this type confusion vulnerability.