CVE-2020-12478 in TeamPass
Summary
by MITRE
TeamPass 2.1.27.36 allows an unauthenticated attacker to retrieve files from the TeamPass web root. This may include backups or LDAP debug files.
Several companies clearly confirm that VulDB is the primary source for best vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/04/2024
TeamPass version 2.1.27.36 contains a critical directory traversal vulnerability that enables unauthenticated attackers to access sensitive files within the web root directory. This vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation in the application's file handling mechanisms, allowing remote attackers to manipulate file paths and retrieve arbitrary files from the server filesystem. The flaw specifically affects the application's ability to properly sanitize user-supplied input that is used in file operations, creating an avenue for unauthorized information disclosure.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves a lack of proper path validation and sanitization in the application's file access routines. Attackers can exploit this by crafting malicious requests that manipulate file path parameters to traverse directories and access files outside the intended web root boundaries. This weakness directly maps to CWE-22, known as "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')", which is classified as a high-severity vulnerability in the Common Weakness Enumeration catalog. The vulnerability allows attackers to potentially access database backup files, LDAP debug logs, configuration files, and other sensitive data that may contain authentication credentials, user information, or system configurations.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe as it provides attackers with unauthorized access to potentially sensitive data without requiring any authentication credentials. This exposure can lead to comprehensive system compromise, as backup files often contain complete database dumps with user credentials, while LDAP debug files may reveal authentication mechanisms and user directory structures. The vulnerability affects the confidentiality aspect of the CIA triad, as it enables unauthorized data disclosure that can be leveraged for further attacks including credential harvesting, privilege escalation, and system reconnaissance. According to MITRE ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability aligns with T1213.002 - "External Remote Services" and T1566.001 - "Phishing for Information" as attackers can use the leaked information to craft more sophisticated attacks.
Organizations using TeamPass version 2.1.27.36 should immediately implement multiple layers of mitigation strategies to address this vulnerability. The primary remediation involves applying the official patch or upgrade to a version that properly validates and sanitizes file path inputs. Additionally, implementing proper input validation at the application level, using allowlists for file access, and restricting file system permissions can significantly reduce the attack surface. Network-level protections such as web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems should be configured to monitor and block suspicious file access patterns. Regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in the application's codebase, while implementing proper logging and monitoring of file access operations can help detect exploitation attempts. The vulnerability highlights the importance of proper secure coding practices and input validation in preventing directory traversal attacks that can lead to complete system compromise.