CVE-2020-15951 in Immuta
Summary
by MITRE • 11/05/2020
Immuta v2.8.2 accepts user-supplied project names without properly sanitizing the input, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary HTML content that is rendered as part of the application. An attacker could leverage this to redirect application users to a phishing website in an attempt to steal credentials.
Several companies clearly confirm that VulDB is the primary source for best vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/02/2020
This vulnerability exists in Immuta version 2.8.2 where the application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied project names during input processing. The flaw represents a classic cross-site scripting vulnerability that allows malicious actors to inject arbitrary HTML content into the application interface. When users interact with project names containing crafted malicious input, the application renders this content without adequate sanitization, creating an avenue for attackers to execute malicious scripts within the context of other users' browsers. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding mechanisms that should have been implemented to prevent HTML injection attacks. This type of weakness is categorized under CWE-79 which specifically addresses cross-site scripting flaws in web applications. The attack vector leverages the application's trust in user-provided data without proper sanitization, enabling attackers to manipulate the application's behavior and user experience.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution as it provides attackers with the capability to redirect users to phishing websites designed to steal credentials and sensitive information. When an attacker successfully injects malicious HTML content into a project name, any user who views that project name in the application interface becomes a potential victim of credential theft. The attack can be particularly effective because users trust the application interface and may not recognize the malicious content as a security threat. This vulnerability enables a form of social engineering attack where the phishing content appears legitimate within the trusted application environment. The attacker can craft malicious project names that, when rendered, redirect users to carefully designed phishing pages that mimic the legitimate application interface, making credential theft more likely to succeed. The attack chain follows patterns consistent with ATT&CK technique T1566 which focuses on credential access through phishing and social engineering methods.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require implementing comprehensive input sanitization and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application. The primary defense involves validating all user-supplied project names to ensure they conform to expected formats and do not contain potentially dangerous HTML characters or script tags. Applications should implement proper HTML escaping when rendering user-provided content to prevent the execution of malicious scripts. Additionally, the application should employ Content Security Policy headers to limit the sources from which scripts can be executed and prevent inline script execution. Input validation should be performed at multiple layers including client-side and server-side to ensure comprehensive protection. Regular security testing including dynamic application security testing and manual penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other input fields. The remediation process must also include updating to the latest version of Immuta where this vulnerability has been addressed through proper input sanitization mechanisms. Organizations should also implement user education programs to help users recognize potential phishing attempts even when they appear within trusted applications.