CVE-2020-18878 in SkyCaiji
Summary
by MITRE • 08/20/2021
Directory Traversal in Skycaiji v1.3 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via the component 'index.php?m=admin&c=Tool&a=log&file=D%3A%5CphpStudy%5CWWW%5Cindex.php'.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/25/2021
This vulnerability represents a critical directory traversal flaw in Skycaiji v1.3 that enables remote attackers to access sensitive system files through improper input validation in the administrative interface. The vulnerability manifests in the Tool component's log functionality where the file parameter fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input, allowing attackers to navigate the file system beyond intended boundaries. The specific attack vector demonstrates how an attacker can manipulate the file parameter to access arbitrary files on the server by providing a Windows-style path that bypasses normal access controls. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-22 which categorizes improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory, commonly known as path traversal or directory traversal attacks. The flaw exists because the application does not adequately validate or sanitize the file parameter before using it to read system files, creating a direct pathway for unauthorized data access.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure as it provides attackers with the ability to access critical system components including configuration files, database credentials, and potentially sensitive application code. Attackers can leverage this weakness to gain insights into the application's architecture, identify other potential vulnerabilities, and potentially escalate privileges within the compromised system. The vulnerability affects the administrative interface specifically, which means that successful exploitation could lead to complete system compromise if the administrative account credentials are obtained or if the attacker can bypass authentication mechanisms. This represents a significant risk to organizations using Skycaiji v1.3 as it allows for unauthorized access to potentially sensitive data and system information that could be used for further attacks or data exfiltration.
Security professionals should consider this vulnerability in the context of the MITRE ATT&CK framework, particularly under the T1083 technique for discovering system information and T1005 for data from local system. The vulnerability demonstrates how insufficient input validation can create opportunities for attackers to gather intelligence about the target system and potentially escalate their privileges. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including input validation, proper access controls, and limiting administrative functionality to trusted networks. The recommended approach involves implementing strict input sanitization for all user-supplied parameters, particularly those used in file operations, and ensuring that all file access operations are performed within restricted directories. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing web application firewalls to detect and block suspicious path traversal attempts, and conduct regular security assessments to identify similar vulnerabilities in other components of their web applications. Regular updates and patches should be applied immediately to address this vulnerability and prevent exploitation by malicious actors.