CVE-2020-24136 in Wcms
Summary
by MITRE • 04/07/2021
Directory traversal in Wcms 0.3.2 allows an attacker to read arbitrary files on the server that is running an application via the pagename parameter to wex/html.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/11/2021
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-24136 represents a critical directory traversal flaw within the Wcms 0.3.2 content management system. This security weakness resides in the wex/html.php script where the pagename parameter is improperly validated and sanitized, allowing attackers to manipulate file paths and access sensitive server resources. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms that fail to properly filter or escape user-supplied data before using it in file system operations.
This directory traversal vulnerability operates by exploiting the lack of proper path validation in the web application's file handling logic. When an attacker submits a malicious value through the pagename parameter, the application processes this input without sufficient sanitization, enabling path traversal sequences such as ../ or ..\ to navigate outside the intended directory structure. The flaw specifically affects the wex/html.php endpoint which likely uses the pagename parameter to determine which content file to render, making it possible for adversaries to access arbitrary files on the server filesystem.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe as it provides attackers with unauthorized access to sensitive server files that may include configuration files, database credentials, application source code, and other confidential data. An attacker could potentially read system files, application logs, or even administrative configuration files that contain database connection strings, API keys, or other critical credentials. This access could lead to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, or further exploitation opportunities within the network infrastructure.
From a cybersecurity perspective, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory, which specifically addresses the issue of insufficient input validation in file system operations. The attack vector follows patterns consistent with ATT&CK technique T1566.001 - Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment, where attackers might use this vulnerability to gain initial access and escalate privileges. The vulnerability also maps to ATT&CK technique T1083 - File and Directory Discovery, as it enables attackers to enumerate and access files beyond the intended application scope. Organizations using Wcms 0.3.2 should immediately implement mitigations including input validation, proper path sanitization, and restricting file access permissions to prevent unauthorized file system traversal.
The recommended mitigations for this vulnerability include implementing strict input validation on all user-supplied parameters, particularly those used in file system operations. Organizations should employ proper path normalization techniques, restrict file access to specific directories, and implement whitelisting mechanisms for valid page names. Additionally, applying the latest security patches from the Wcms development team, implementing web application firewalls, and conducting regular security assessments are essential defensive measures. The vulnerability underscores the importance of secure coding practices and proper input validation in preventing directory traversal attacks that can compromise entire server infrastructures.