CVE-2020-24312 in WP File Manager
Summary
by MITRE
mndpsingh287 WP File Manager v6.4 and lower fails to restrict external access to the fm_backups directory with a .htaccess file. This results in the ability for unauthenticated users to browse and download any site backups, which sometimes include full database backups, that the plugin has taken.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/24/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-24312 affects the mndpsingh287 WP File Manager plugin version 6.4 and earlier, presenting a critical security flaw that undermines the integrity of WordPress site backups. This issue stems from inadequate access control mechanisms within the plugin's directory structure, specifically concerning the fm_backups directory that stores automated backup files generated by the plugin. The absence of proper authentication checks and access restrictions creates an exploitable condition that allows any unauthenticated user to gain unauthorized access to sensitive backup data.
The technical implementation flaw resides in the plugin's failure to implement proper .htaccess file restrictions for the fm_backups directory, which should normally prevent external access to backup files. This configuration oversight enables attackers to directly access backup files through URL manipulation or directory browsing, bypassing the intended authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability falls under CWE-284, which addresses improper access control, and represents a classic case of inadequate privilege management where sensitive data remains accessible without proper authorization. The backup files stored in this directory often contain complete database dumps, user credentials, and other sensitive information that could be leveraged for further attacks.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data exposure, creating significant risks for WordPress site administrators and their users. Unauthenticated access to database backups provides attackers with comprehensive information about the target system including user accounts, database schemas, and potentially sensitive business data. This access can facilitate account takeover attempts, privilege escalation, and other advanced persistent threats. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1213.002 for Data from Databases, as it provides unauthorized access to database backup files that contain critical system information. Organizations may face compliance violations and data breach notifications under regulations such as GDPR, HIPAA, or PCI-DSS when such sensitive data becomes exposed.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require immediate action including updating to WP File Manager version 6.5 or later, which addresses the access control flaw. Administrators should implement manual .htaccess restrictions for the fm_backups directory to prevent external access while awaiting the official patch. Additional security measures include monitoring for unauthorized access attempts, reviewing plugin permissions, and implementing web application firewalls to detect suspicious directory traversal attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper access control implementation in web applications and highlights the necessity of regular security audits of third-party plugins. Organizations should also consider implementing automated backup rotation policies and ensuring that backup files contain minimal sensitive information to reduce potential impact if such vulnerabilities are exploited.