CVE-2020-25150 in SpaceCom
Summary
by MITRE • 04/15/2022
A relative path traversal attack in the B. Braun Melsungen AG SpaceCom Version L81/U61 and earlier, and the Data module compactplus Versions A10 and A11 allows attackers with service user privileges to upload arbitrary files. By uploading a specially crafted tar file an attacker can execute arbitrary commands.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/20/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-25150 represents a critical relative path traversal flaw within the B. Braun Melsungen AG SpaceCom system and Data module compactplus software versions. This issue affects the L81/U61 versions of SpaceCom and A10/A11 versions of the compactplus data module, creating a significant security risk for medical device environments where such systems are deployed. The vulnerability stems from improper input validation during file upload operations, allowing malicious actors with service user privileges to manipulate file paths and execute unauthorized operations.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability exploits a weakness in how the system handles relative path references during file processing. When users with service-level access upload tar files, the system fails to properly sanitize or validate the paths contained within these archives. This allows attackers to craft malicious tar files that contain directory traversal sequences such as ../ or ..\ which can navigate outside the intended upload directory. The flaw operates at the file system level, enabling attackers to write files to arbitrary locations on the system, potentially overwriting critical system files or placing malicious payloads in executable locations.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability presents a severe threat to medical device security and patient safety. The ability to execute arbitrary commands through file uploads creates multiple attack vectors including privilege escalation, persistent backdoor installation, and system compromise. Attackers could potentially gain root access to the device, modify critical medical data, or disrupt device operations during critical medical procedures. The impact extends beyond immediate system compromise as these devices often operate in regulated environments where security breaches can result in regulatory violations and patient harm.
The vulnerability aligns with CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory and follows patterns consistent with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 - Command and Scripting Interpreter: Python. The attack chain typically involves initial access through service user credentials followed by file upload and execution of malicious code. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including patching to affected versions, implementing strict file upload validation, and restricting service user privileges to the minimum required for operations. Network segmentation and monitoring for suspicious file upload activities should also be implemented to detect potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability highlights the critical importance of secure coding practices in medical device software and the necessity of comprehensive security testing for healthcare IoT systems.