CVE-2020-2712 in Banking Payments
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Banking Payments product of Oracle Financial Services Applications (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are 14.1.0-14.3.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Banking Payments. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Banking Payments accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Banking Payments accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 5.4 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/22/2024
This vulnerability exists within Oracle Banking Payments, a critical component of Oracle Financial Services Applications designed for financial transaction processing. The flaw resides in the Core component of the application and affects versions 14.1.0 through 14.3.0, representing a significant risk to financial institutions relying on this platform for their payment processing operations. The vulnerability is classified as easily exploitable, meaning that malicious actors can leverage it without requiring specialized skills or extensive preparation, making it particularly dangerous in production environments where financial data integrity is paramount.
The technical nature of this vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to gain network-level access through HTTP protocols, bypassing traditional authentication mechanisms that should protect sensitive financial data. This represents a fundamental failure in the application's access control implementation, where HTTP endpoints fail to properly validate user credentials or session tokens before granting access to core banking functions. The CVSS 3.0 score of 5.4 indicates a moderate severity threat with significant implications for both data confidentiality and integrity, as the vulnerability enables unauthorized modification of financial records and access to sensitive data subsets. The attack vector AV:N indicates network-based exploitation, while AC:L shows low attack complexity, making this vulnerability particularly attractive to threat actors seeking automated exploitation.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft, as successful exploitation can result in unauthorized updates, inserts, or deletions of financial records, potentially leading to monetary losses, transaction manipulation, and regulatory compliance violations. The requirement for human interaction suggests that while the initial exploitation might be automated, some form of user confirmation or interaction is needed to complete the attack, which could involve social engineering tactics or phishing campaigns targeting bank employees. This human factor component increases the overall threat surface and makes the vulnerability more difficult to detect through automated security monitoring systems. The compromised data access includes both read and write privileges, meaning attackers can not only view sensitive financial information but also alter it, potentially creating false transactions or modifying account balances to facilitate fraud.
Organizations affected by this vulnerability should prioritize immediate remediation through Oracle's security patches and updates, as the vulnerability affects multiple versions within the 14.1.0 to 14.3.0 range. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to limit exposure, while monitoring systems should be enhanced to detect unusual HTTP traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-287, which addresses improper authentication issues, and maps to ATT&CK technique T1190 for exploitation via web applications. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in the broader financial services infrastructure, as this represents a common pattern in legacy banking systems where authentication controls have not been properly implemented or maintained. Additionally, organizations should implement robust incident response procedures to quickly detect and respond to exploitation attempts, given the potential for significant financial and reputational damage.