CVE-2020-2786 in Outside In Technology
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Outside In Technology product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Outside In Filters). Supported versions that are affected are 8.5.4 and 8.5.5. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Outside In Technology. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Outside In Technology accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Outside In Technology accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle Outside In Technology. Note: Outside In Technology is a suite of software development kits (SDKs). The protocol and CVSS score depend on the software that uses the Outside In Technology code. The CVSS score assumes that the software passes data received over a network directly to Outside In Technology code, but if data is not received over a network the CVSS score may be lower. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 7.3 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/21/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-2786 resides within Oracle Outside In Technology, a comprehensive suite of software development kits that provides document processing capabilities for Oracle Fusion Middleware applications. This particular flaw affects versions 8.5.4 and 8.5.5 of the Outside In Filters component, which serves as a critical interface for handling various document formats within enterprise applications. The vulnerability represents a significant security weakness that can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers who gain network access through HTTP protocols, making it particularly dangerous in environments where these technologies are deployed without adequate network segmentation or access controls.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization within the Outside In Filters processing engine. When network data is passed directly to the affected code components, the system fails to properly validate or sanitize incoming payloads, creating opportunities for malicious input to manipulate the processing behavior. This flaw operates at the protocol level where data received over HTTP channels is directly fed into the Outside In Technology code without adequate preprocessing or validation checks. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers require minimal technical expertise or resources to successfully compromise affected systems, making it a particularly concerning issue for enterprise environments that rely on these document processing capabilities.
The operational impact of CVE-2020-2786 extends across multiple security domains including confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Attackers who successfully exploit this vulnerability can achieve unauthorized access to sensitive data through read operations on a subset of accessible information, potentially exposing confidential documents or business-critical data processed by applications using the Outside In Technology SDKs. Additionally, the vulnerability enables unauthorized modification capabilities allowing attackers to insert, update, or delete data within the affected systems, potentially corrupting business processes or manipulating document workflows. The partial denial of service aspect means that attackers can disrupt normal operations by causing system instability or resource exhaustion, affecting the availability of document processing services within affected applications.
From a threat modeling perspective, this vulnerability aligns with several ATT&CK framework techniques including T1190 for exploit public-facing application and T1071 for application layer protocol usage. The vulnerability's CVSS 3.0 score of 7.3 reflects its medium to high severity, with scores of 7.3 for confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) indicates that network-based exploitation is possible with low attack complexity, no privileged access required, and no user interaction needed, making it particularly dangerous in exposed environments. The vulnerability's impact is further amplified because Outside In Technology is widely used across enterprise applications, meaning a single exploitation could affect multiple systems or applications within an organization's infrastructure. Organizations should consider this vulnerability in the context of CWE-20, which addresses improper input validation, and CWE-311, which addresses missing encryption of sensitive data, as these related weaknesses contribute to the overall security posture of affected systems. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper input validation and sanitization in document processing systems, particularly when handling network-received data that may contain malicious payloads designed to exploit processing engine flaws.