CVE-2020-2866 in Applications Framework
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Applications Framework product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Attachments / File Upload). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.5-12.2.9. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Applications Framework. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Applications Framework accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 5.3 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/21/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-2866 resides within Oracle Applications Framework component of the Oracle E-Business Suite, specifically affecting the Attachments and File Upload functionality. This weakness manifests in versions 12.2.5 through 12.2.9, representing a significant security gap in enterprise application infrastructure that has been actively exploited by threat actors. The vulnerability operates at the application layer and represents a critical flaw in access control mechanisms that govern file handling operations within the Oracle E-Business Suite environment.
This vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and access control measures within the file upload processing pipeline of the Oracle Applications Framework. The flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to exploit the system through standard HTTP network connections without requiring prior authentication credentials or elevated privileges. The technical implementation appears to lack proper authorization checks when processing file upload requests, enabling malicious actors to manipulate the file handling process and potentially gain unauthorized access to system resources. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that the attack vector requires minimal technical expertise and can be executed through standard network-based penetration testing methodologies.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data integrity concerns, as successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized update, insert, or delete operations within the affected Oracle Applications Framework components. This represents a significant compromise of data integrity within enterprise systems, potentially allowing attackers to modify critical business data, manipulate financial records, or corrupt application functionality. The CVSS 3.0 base score of 5.3 reflects the moderate severity of integrity impacts, though the actual business disruption can be far more severe depending on the specific data and processes affected within the target organization's E-Business Suite implementation.
Organizations affected by this vulnerability should implement immediate mitigations including network-level access controls, web application firewalls, and comprehensive monitoring of file upload activities within their Oracle E-Business Suite environments. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and represents a classic example of insufficient authorization checks in web application frameworks. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to techniques involving privilege escalation and data manipulation, potentially enabling adversaries to establish persistence and conduct long-term reconnaissance within affected systems. The recommended remediation strategy includes applying Oracle's official security patches, implementing strict input validation for file uploads, and conducting comprehensive security assessments of all Oracle E-Business Suite deployments to identify similar access control weaknesses. Organizations should also consider implementing network segmentation and monitoring solutions to detect and prevent unauthorized file upload attempts, as this vulnerability can serve as a stepping stone for more sophisticated attacks targeting enterprise infrastructure.