CVE-2020-2940 in Financial Services Profitability Management
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Financial Services Profitability Management product of Oracle Financial Services Applications (component: User Interface). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.6 and 8.0.7. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Financial Services Profitability Management. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Financial Services Profitability Management accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Financial Services Profitability Management accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 7.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/21/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-2940 represents a significant security flaw within Oracle Financial Services Profitability Management, specifically affecting versions 8.0.6 and 8.0.7. This weakness resides in the User Interface component of the financial services applications suite, making it particularly concerning given the sensitive nature of financial data processing environments. The vulnerability classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers with minimal privileges and network access can potentially compromise the system, which aligns with CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and represents a critical gap in the application's security architecture. The CVSS score of 7.1 reflects the moderate to high severity impact, with particular emphasis on integrity and confidentiality risks that could severely affect financial institutions relying on this platform.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from inadequate access controls within the user interface layer, allowing low-privileged attackers to execute unauthorized operations against the financial data management system. Attackers exploiting this vulnerability can perform data manipulation activities including creation, deletion, and modification of critical financial records, while also gaining unauthorized read access to sensitive data subsets. This represents a fundamental breakdown in the principle of least privilege and proper authorization mechanisms, where the system fails to adequately validate user permissions before executing data operations. The attack vector through HTTP access means that the vulnerability is accessible over the network without requiring physical access or complex exploitation techniques, making it particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where network-based attacks are common.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data compromise, as it affects the core financial integrity of organizations using Oracle Financial Services Profitability Management. Financial institutions could face significant regulatory compliance issues, data breaches, and potential financial losses if unauthorized modifications occur to profitability calculations, revenue tracking, or other critical financial metrics. The ability to perform unauthorized data modifications without detection represents a serious threat to audit trails and financial reporting accuracy. Organizations may experience disruption to their financial operations and could face legal consequences from regulatory bodies such as the SEC or banking regulators who enforce strict data integrity requirements. This vulnerability directly impacts the availability of accurate financial information and can undermine the trust stakeholders place in financial reporting systems.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2020-2940 should prioritize immediate patching of affected versions to the latest Oracle Financial Services Profitability Management releases that contain security fixes. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to the affected systems and deploy web application firewalls to monitor and control HTTP traffic to the financial services application. Enhanced monitoring of user access patterns and data modification activities can help detect potential exploitation attempts, while regular security assessments should be conducted to identify similar access control weaknesses. The implementation of multi-factor authentication for administrative access and regular review of user permissions can further reduce the risk of unauthorized access. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing data loss prevention solutions and establishing incident response procedures specifically designed to address financial data integrity breaches, aligning with ATT&CK techniques related to privilege escalation and credential access. Regular security training for personnel handling financial data and adherence to security frameworks such as NIST Cybersecurity Framework can help reduce the overall risk exposure associated with such vulnerabilities.