CVE-2020-5568 in Garoon
Summary
by MITRE
Cross-site scripting vulnerability in Cybozu Garoon 4.6.0 to 5.0.0 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the applications 'Messages' and 'Bulletin Board'.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/03/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-5568 represents a critical cross-site scripting flaw within Cybozu Garoon versions 4.6.0 through 5.0.0, specifically affecting the applications' 'Messages' and 'Bulletin Board' functionalities. This weakness stems from inadequate input validation and output encoding mechanisms that fail to properly sanitize user-supplied data before rendering it within web pages. The affected system components process user-generated content without sufficient sanitization measures, creating an environment where malicious actors can inject arbitrary scripts that execute in the context of other users' browsers. The vulnerability exists at the application layer and demonstrates a fundamental failure in secure input handling practices that directly violates established security principles for web application development.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when remote attackers submit malicious payloads through the vulnerable 'Messages' and 'Bulletin Board' interfaces. These payloads typically consist of script tags or other HTML elements designed to execute in the victim's browser context. When legitimate users view the malicious content, the injected scripts execute automatically, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, or other malicious activities. The flaw is classified as a CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting) vulnerability under the Common Weakness Enumeration framework, specifically representing a stored XSS variant since the malicious content is persisted within the application's database and served to other users. This type of vulnerability falls under the ATT&CK technique T1566.001 (Phishing with Social Engineering) as it enables attackers to craft malicious web content that can deceive users into executing harmful scripts.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it provides attackers with the capability to compromise user sessions and potentially escalate privileges within the application. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to access sensitive information, modify data, or perform actions on behalf of legitimate users. The vulnerability affects the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the Cybozu Garoon platform, particularly impacting the messaging and collaboration functionalities that organizations rely upon for secure communication. Organizations using affected versions may experience unauthorized access to internal communications, potential data breaches, and disruption of business operations. The attack surface is significant as the vulnerability affects core collaboration features that are frequently accessed by multiple users within enterprise environments.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2020-5568 require immediate implementation of input validation and output encoding measures across the affected applications. Organizations should deploy proper sanitization routines that filter or escape special characters in user inputs before storing or rendering them within web pages. The implementation of Content Security Policy (CSP) headers can provide additional protection against script execution, while regular security updates and patches should be applied to upgrade to versions that address this vulnerability. Input validation should be implemented at multiple layers including client-side and server-side controls, with proper encoding of output data to prevent script injection. Organizations should also conduct thorough security assessments of their web applications to identify similar vulnerabilities and implement comprehensive security monitoring to detect potential exploitation attempts. The remediation process must include comprehensive testing to ensure that the applied fixes do not introduce regressions in application functionality while maintaining the security posture of the platform.