CVE-2020-6134 in openSIS
Summary
by MITRE
SQL injection vulnerabilities exist in the ID parameters of OS4Ed openSIS 7.3 pages. The id parameter in the page MassDropModal.php is vulnerable to SQL injection. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/01/2020
The CVE-2020-6134 vulnerability represents a critical SQL injection flaw within the openSIS learning management system version 7.3, specifically affecting the MassDropModal.php page. This vulnerability resides in the handling of the ID parameter, which lacks proper input validation and sanitization mechanisms. The flaw allows authenticated attackers to manipulate database queries through maliciously crafted input, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion. The vulnerability is particularly concerning as it requires only authenticated access, meaning that individuals with legitimate user credentials can exploit this weakness without requiring additional privileges or external attack vectors.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from the application's failure to properly escape or parameterize user-supplied input before incorporating it into SQL queries. When the id parameter is processed in MassDropModal.php, the system directly concatenates user input into database commands without adequate sanitization measures. This primitive approach to input handling creates an ideal environment for SQL injection attacks, where malicious actors can inject SQL commands that bypass authentication, extract sensitive information, or manipulate database contents. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-89, which specifically addresses SQL injection flaws in software applications, and demonstrates poor adherence to secure coding practices that should prevent such issues through proper input validation and parameterized queries.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data compromise, as it provides attackers with potential access to sensitive educational data including student records, grades, personal information, and administrative details. Given that openSIS is commonly deployed in educational institutions, the exposure of such data could result in significant privacy violations and regulatory compliance issues under frameworks like FERPA and GDPR. The authenticated nature of the attack means that even a low-privilege user account could potentially escalate their access within the system, making this vulnerability particularly dangerous for organizations that do not implement proper access controls or monitoring mechanisms. This flaw also aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078 which covers valid accounts as a means of gaining access, and T1046 which covers network service scanning that could be used to identify vulnerable systems.
Organizations should immediately implement multiple layers of defense to address this vulnerability, beginning with applying the vendor-provided patch or upgrade to the latest version of openSIS. Additionally, implementing proper input validation and parameterized queries in all database interactions will prevent similar issues from occurring in the future. Network segmentation and monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual database access patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. Security awareness training for administrators and users should emphasize the importance of keeping software updated and monitoring for unauthorized access attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of following secure coding practices and implementing defense-in-depth strategies that protect against both external and internal threats, as the authenticated nature of the attack means that even legitimate users with compromised credentials can be exploited by threat actors.