CVE-2021-0145 in Intel
Summary
by MITRE • 02/10/2022
Improper initialization of shared resources in some Intel(R) Processors may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/13/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2021-0145 represents a critical flaw in the initialization of shared resources within certain Intel processor architectures. This weakness stems from inadequate handling of resource allocation during processor operation, creating potential pathways for unauthorized information exposure. The vulnerability specifically affects Intel processors that implement shared memory or cache resources, where improper initialization can lead to data leakage across different privilege levels or security domains.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability lies in the processor's failure to properly initialize shared resources during system operation or context switching. When processors handle multiple execution contexts or security domains, they must ensure that shared resources such as cache lines, memory buffers, or register states are properly sanitized and isolated. The improper initialization means that sensitive data from one execution context can remain accessible to subsequent contexts, creating a persistent information disclosure risk. This flaw operates at the hardware level, making it particularly dangerous as it can bypass traditional software-based security measures and operating system protections.
From an operational impact perspective, this vulnerability enables authenticated users to potentially access information that should be isolated or protected. The local access requirement means that an attacker must already have valid credentials or access to the system to exploit this weakness, but once exploited, the information disclosure can be significant. The vulnerability affects systems where Intel processors handle sensitive data processing, potentially exposing cryptographic keys, user credentials, or confidential application data. Attackers could leverage this to gain insights into system operations, potentially leading to more severe exploitation opportunities including privilege escalation or lateral movement within networks.
The mitigation strategies for CVE-2021-0145 primarily involve firmware updates from Intel that address the resource initialization procedures. System administrators should prioritize applying the latest processor microcode updates and BIOS/firmware patches provided by Intel and original equipment manufacturers. Additionally, implementing proper access controls and privilege separation mechanisms can help limit the potential impact of exploitation. Organizations should also consider monitoring for unusual resource access patterns or unauthorized system modifications that might indicate exploitation attempts. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-665, which addresses improper initialization of resources, and can be mapped to ATT&CK technique T1003.001 for credential dumping, as the information disclosure could potentially expose sensitive authentication data. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of hardware-level security considerations in modern computing environments where processor-level flaws can create persistent security risks that extend beyond traditional software-based protections.