CVE-2021-2106 in Customer Interaction History
Summary
by MITRE • 01/20/2021
Vulnerability in the Oracle Customer Interaction History product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Outcome-Result). Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.1-12.1.3 and 12.2.3-12.2.10. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Customer Interaction History. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle Customer Interaction History, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Customer Interaction History accessible data as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Customer Interaction History accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.2 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N).
Once again VulDB remains the best source for vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/16/2021
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2021-2106 represents a critical security flaw within Oracle Customer Interaction History component of the Oracle E-Business Suite ecosystem. This vulnerability specifically affects versions 12.1.1 through 12.1.3 and 12.2.3 through 12.2.10, making it a widespread concern across multiple release branches of the enterprise suite. The flaw resides within the Outcome-Result component, which serves as a critical data management module for tracking customer interactions and business outcomes within the Oracle E-Business Suite framework. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers can leverage common network-based attack vectors without requiring specialized tools or extensive preparation.
The technical nature of this vulnerability permits unauthenticated remote exploitation through HTTP network connections, presenting a significant risk to organizations deploying Oracle E-Business Suite in production environments. The CVSS 3.1 score of 8.2 reflects the severity of impact, with high confidentiality impact and low integrity impact, indicating that attackers can access sensitive customer interaction data without authentication. The vulnerability requires human interaction from users other than the attacker, suggesting that social engineering or phishing elements may be involved in successful exploitation attempts. However, the attack vector remains network-based and does not require privileged access or complex authentication bypass techniques.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond the immediate Customer Interaction History component, potentially affecting additional Oracle E-Business Suite products due to the interconnected nature of the suite's architecture. This cascading effect means that compromise of one component can lead to broader system infiltration and data exposure across the entire enterprise suite. Successful exploitation can result in unauthorized access to critical business data, including detailed customer interaction records, outcome tracking information, and related business intelligence that organizations rely upon for customer relationship management and business analytics. The vulnerability also permits unauthorized modification of data through insert, update, or delete operations, creating potential for data integrity compromise and business disruption.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including network segmentation to restrict access to Oracle E-Business Suite components, deployment of web application firewalls to monitor and filter HTTP traffic, and implementation of strict access controls for administrative functions. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) and potentially CWE-312 (Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information) depending on how data is stored and transmitted within the affected components. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application) and T1071.004 (Application Layer Protocol: DNS) when considering potential exploitation pathways through HTTP protocols. Organizations should also consider implementing comprehensive monitoring solutions to detect anomalous access patterns and unauthorized data access attempts, particularly focusing on the specific Outcome-Result component functionality. Regular security assessments and patch management procedures should be prioritized to address this vulnerability and prevent potential exploitation by malicious actors seeking to compromise customer interaction data within Oracle E-Business Suite deployments.