CVE-2021-2155 in One-to-One Fulfillment
Summary
by MITRE • 04/23/2021
Vulnerability in the Oracle One-to-One Fulfillment product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Documents). Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.1-12.1.3 and 12.2.3-12.2.10. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle One-to-One Fulfillment. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle One-to-One Fulfillment accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.3 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/25/2021
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2021-2155 represents a critical integrity flaw within Oracle One-to-One Fulfillment, a component of the Oracle E-Business Suite that handles document management and fulfillment processes. This vulnerability exists in specific versions of the Oracle E-Business Suite including 12.1.1 through 12.1.3 and 12.2.3 through 12.2.10, making it particularly concerning for organizations running these older releases. The flaw manifests as an insufficient authentication mechanism that allows unauthenticated attackers to exploit the system through HTTP network connections, potentially compromising the integrity of document-related data within the fulfillment workflow.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from inadequate access controls within the Oracle One-to-One Fulfillment component, specifically in how it processes HTTP requests for document operations. Attackers can leverage this weakness to perform unauthorized update, insert, or delete operations on sensitive data without requiring valid credentials. The CVSS 3.1 scoring of 4.3 reflects the moderate severity of the integrity impact, with the attack vector being network-based and the attack complexity being low. The requirement for human interaction indicates that while the vulnerability can be exploited remotely, it typically requires some form of user involvement or specific conditions to be met, suggesting the attack may involve social engineering or targeted user interaction.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data integrity concerns to potentially disrupt business processes that rely on accurate document fulfillment. Organizations using affected versions of Oracle E-Business Suite could face unauthorized modifications to critical fulfillment documents, which might lead to incorrect order processing, inventory discrepancies, or compromised business operations. The vulnerability's classification under CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) and its alignment with ATT&CK technique T1078 (Valid Accounts) demonstrates how this flaw can be exploited to gain unauthorized access to business-critical data, particularly in environments where document management and fulfillment processes are automated or integrated with other business systems.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2021-2155 should prioritize immediate patching of affected Oracle E-Business Suite versions to the latest supported releases. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to the vulnerable components, deploy web application firewalls to monitor and filter HTTP traffic, and establish strict access controls for document management systems. Additionally, security monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual patterns in document modification activities, and regular vulnerability assessments should be conducted to identify similar authentication weaknesses in other Oracle components or integrated systems. The vulnerability highlights the importance of maintaining up-to-date software versions and implementing robust access control mechanisms as fundamental security practices in enterprise environments.