CVE-2021-22650 in TBoxLT2
Summary
by MITRE • 07/28/2022
An attacker may use TWinSoft and a malicious source project file (TPG) to extract files on machine executing Ovarro TWinSoft, which could lead to code execution.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/17/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2021-22650 represents a critical security flaw within TWinSoft software ecosystem, specifically affecting the Ovarro TWinSoft application. This vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and file handling mechanisms when processing malicious project files with the .TPG extension. The flaw exists in the software's ability to parse and execute project files without sufficient sanitization measures, creating a pathway for arbitrary code execution on affected systems. Attackers can exploit this weakness by crafting specially designed TPG files that, when opened by the vulnerable software, trigger unauthorized file extraction and potentially malicious code execution. The vulnerability is particularly concerning as it leverages the trust relationship between the software and its users, allowing attackers to bypass traditional security controls through seemingly legitimate file operations.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves a classic file parsing vulnerability where the TWinSoft application fails to properly validate file paths and extraction locations within malicious TPG project files. When the software processes these files, it does not adequately sanitize the file paths or verify the integrity of the extraction targets, enabling attackers to manipulate the file extraction process. This weakness can be categorized under CWE-22, which describes improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory, commonly known as path traversal or directory traversal attacks. The vulnerability allows attackers to specify arbitrary file paths that can result in files being written to locations outside the intended directory structure, potentially overwriting critical system files or executing malicious code in privileged contexts.
The operational impact of CVE-2021-22650 extends beyond simple unauthorized file access, as it can enable complete system compromise through privilege escalation opportunities. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can gain persistent access to the victim's system, potentially establishing backdoors or installing additional malware. The attack surface is particularly wide as TWinSoft applications are often used in industrial control systems and embedded environments where system integrity is paramount. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter, as successful exploitation would likely involve executing malicious code through the compromised software environment. The vulnerability also maps to T1078.002 for additional privileges through hijacked or forged credentials, as attackers may use the compromised system to establish persistent access and elevate privileges.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2021-22650 should include immediate software updates from TWinSoft to address the vulnerability, alongside network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure. Organizations should implement strict file validation policies and restrict user access to potentially malicious file types. The implementation of application whitelisting solutions can prevent unauthorized software execution, while regular security audits should verify that no malicious TPG files have been processed. Additionally, network monitoring should be enhanced to detect suspicious file transfer activities and unauthorized system modifications. Security awareness training for personnel who may encounter project files is essential, as social engineering attacks often involve tricking users into opening malicious files. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices and input validation, particularly in applications that process user-supplied data files, and demonstrates the critical need for regular vulnerability assessments and patch management programs.