CVE-2021-30319 in Snapdragon Auto
Summary
by MITRE • 01/13/2022
Possible integer overflow due to improper validation of command length parameters while processing WMI command in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/16/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2021-30319 represents a critical integer overflow condition affecting multiple Qualcomm Snapdragon product lines that process Windows Management Instrumentation commands. This flaw occurs within the WMI command processing subsystem where insufficient validation of command length parameters creates opportunities for malicious actors to manipulate input data and trigger unintended system behavior. The vulnerability impacts a broad range of Qualcomm automotive, mobile, and IoT platforms including Snapdragon Auto, Compute, Connectivity, Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Consumer IOT, Industrial IOT, Mobile, and Voice & Music product lines, indicating a widespread exposure across multiple market segments.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability stems from improper input validation mechanisms that fail to adequately check command length parameters before processing WMI commands. When a WMI command is received, the system performs arithmetic operations on parameter values without sufficient bounds checking or overflow protection mechanisms. This allows an attacker to craft malicious WMI commands with deliberately crafted length parameters that, when processed, cause integer overflow conditions. The overflow can result in memory corruption, buffer overflows, or other exploitable conditions that may lead to arbitrary code execution or system instability. This flaw aligns with CWE-190, Integer Overflow or Wraparound, which specifically addresses issues where integer arithmetic operations produce results that exceed the maximum value representable by the data type.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends across multiple threat vectors and attack surfaces within the affected Qualcomm platforms. Attackers could potentially leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges, bypass security controls, or cause denial of service conditions that would affect automotive systems, mobile devices, and IoT deployments. The wide array of affected product lines suggests that this vulnerability could impact critical infrastructure systems including automotive infotainment systems, industrial IoT devices, and mobile communication platforms. The vulnerability's presence in Snapdragon Auto and Industrial IOT products particularly raises concerns about potential supply chain attacks targeting automotive and industrial control systems where these platforms are deployed.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2021-30319 should focus on implementing robust input validation and integer overflow protection mechanisms across all WMI command processing pathways. Organizations should prioritize applying firmware and software updates provided by Qualcomm to address the vulnerability in affected systems. Additional defensive measures include implementing strict command length validation, deploying runtime monitoring systems to detect anomalous command processing patterns, and establishing network segmentation controls to limit potential attack vectors. The vulnerability demonstrates characteristics consistent with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for Command and Scripting Interpreter and T1068 for Exploitation for Privilege Escalation, suggesting that attackers could leverage this flaw to establish persistent access or escalate privileges within affected systems. Security teams should also consider implementing anomaly detection systems that monitor for unusual WMI command processing patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts, particularly in automotive and industrial environments where these vulnerable platforms are deployed.