CVE-2021-32498 in SOPAS ET
Summary
by MITRE • 12/17/2021
SICK SOPAS ET before version 4.8.0 allows attackers to manipulate the pathname of the emulator and use path traversal to run an arbitrary executable located on the host system. When the user starts the emulator from SOPAS ET the corresponding executable will be started instead of the emulator
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/24/2021
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2021-32498 affects SICK SOPAS ET software versions prior to 4.8.0, presenting a critical path traversal flaw that enables remote code execution through malicious pathname manipulation. This vulnerability resides in the emulator component of the software, which is designed to simulate industrial equipment for testing and development purposes. The flaw occurs when the application processes user-provided pathnames without adequate validation or sanitization, creating an opportunity for attackers to exploit the system's file handling mechanisms.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation within the emulator startup process. When users initiate the emulator through the SOPAS ET interface, the system accepts pathname inputs that are not properly sanitized or restricted. Attackers can craft malicious pathnames that leverage directory traversal techniques to navigate outside of intended directories and access arbitrary executables located on the host system. This path traversal vulnerability specifically allows attackers to manipulate the execution flow by pointing to executable files that exist on the host system rather than the intended emulator executable.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted, as it provides attackers with complete control over the host system where the vulnerable software operates. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the user running the SOPAS ET application, potentially leading to full system compromise. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous in industrial environments where SOPAS ET is commonly used for network configuration and device management, as it could allow attackers to gain unauthorized access to critical infrastructure systems. This flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, making it especially concerning for environments with exposed industrial control systems.
Security professionals should implement immediate mitigations including upgrading to SICK SOPAS ET version 4.8.0 or later, which contains the necessary patches to address the path traversal vulnerability. Network segmentation and access controls should be enforced to limit exposure of the vulnerable software to untrusted networks. Additionally, administrators should conduct thorough security assessments of industrial environments where this software is deployed, ensuring that only authorized personnel have access to the configuration tools. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-22 Path Traversal and CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command, and maps to ATT&CK techniques including T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter and T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services, highlighting the need for comprehensive defensive measures across multiple security domains.