CVE-2021-4255 in lenio
Summary
by MITRE • 12/19/2022
A vulnerability was found in ctrlo lenio and classified as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file views/contractor.tt. The manipulation of the argument contractor.name leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The name of the patch is e1646d5cd0a2fbab9eb505196dd2ca1c9e4cdd97. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-216212.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/15/2023
This vulnerability represents a cross site scripting flaw in the ctrlo lenio application that specifically affects the contractor.tt template file. The issue manifests when the contractor.name argument is manipulated, allowing malicious actors to inject arbitrary javascript code into the application's output. The vulnerability is classified as remotely exploitable, meaning attackers can trigger the malicious payload without requiring physical access to the target system. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-79 category for cross site scripting, which is a critical security concern in web applications where user input is not properly sanitized before being rendered in web pages. The vulnerability exists in the views/contractor.tt file, indicating this is a server-side template rendering issue where user-supplied data is directly incorporated into the HTML output without adequate validation or encoding mechanisms.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant as it allows attackers to execute malicious scripts in the context of the victim's browser, potentially leading to session hijacking, data theft, or unauthorized actions on behalf of the user. The remote exploitation capability means that threat actors can leverage this vulnerability through web browsers without needing to compromise the underlying system infrastructure. Attackers could craft malicious contractor names that when rendered in the template would execute harmful javascript code, potentially stealing cookies, redirecting users to malicious sites, or performing other malicious activities. This vulnerability directly maps to the attack pattern described in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter, specifically targeting web application interfaces through script injection techniques.
The fix for this vulnerability involves applying the patch identified by the commit hash e1646d5cd0a2fbab9eb505196dd2ca1c9e4cdd97 which likely implements proper input sanitization or output encoding for the contractor.name parameter. Organizations should immediately apply this patch to prevent exploitation and maintain the security posture of their applications. The recommended mitigation strategy includes implementing proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms, particularly for template variables that are rendered in HTML contexts. Security teams should also conduct thorough code reviews to identify similar patterns in other template files and implement comprehensive security testing including dynamic application security testing and static code analysis to prevent similar vulnerabilities from being introduced in future development cycles. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing web application firewalls and content security policies to provide additional layers of protection against such attacks.