CVE-2021-44410 in RLC-410W
Summary
by MITRE • 01/29/2022
A denial of service vulnerability exists in the cgiserver.cgi JSON command parser functionality of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to a reboot. UpgradePrepare param is not object. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/02/2022
The CVE-2021-44410 vulnerability represents a critical denial of service condition affecting the Reolink RLC-410W security camera firmware version 3.0.0.136_20121102. This issue resides within the cgiserver.cgi component's JSON command parser functionality, which serves as the primary interface for remote management and configuration of the device. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization within the UpgradePrepare parameter handling mechanism, creating a pathway for malicious actors to disrupt the device's normal operational state. The specific technical flaw manifests when the system processes an HTTP request containing a malformed UpgradePrepare parameter that is not properly structured as a JSON object, leading to unexpected behavior in the parsing routine.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple service disruption, as it can be exploited to cause complete device reboots at will, effectively rendering the security camera non-functional for the duration of the restart cycle. This denial of service condition directly violates the availability principles of the CIA triad and can be particularly damaging in security-sensitive environments where continuous monitoring is required. The vulnerability's exploitation requires minimal technical skill, as attackers only need to craft a specific HTTP request to trigger the device's reboot mechanism, making it an attractive target for malicious actors seeking to compromise security infrastructure. This weakness creates a persistent threat vector that can be leveraged repeatedly without requiring significant resources or advanced knowledge of the underlying system architecture.
Security researchers have classified this vulnerability under CWE-20, which addresses improper input validation, and it aligns with several ATT&CK techniques including T1499.004 for network denial of service and T1566.001 for spearphishing via web links. The vulnerability's exploitation pathway demonstrates a classic buffer overflow or parsing error condition where the system fails to properly validate that the UpgradePrepare parameter conforms to expected JSON object structure before processing. Organizations deploying Reolink RLC-410W devices should implement immediate mitigations including network segmentation to limit access to the device's HTTP management interface, disabling unnecessary remote access capabilities, and implementing intrusion detection systems to monitor for suspicious HTTP request patterns. The most effective remediation strategy involves upgrading to firmware versions that properly validate JSON parameter structures and implement robust input sanitization routines, as provided by the vendor in subsequent releases.