CVE-2021-44569 in libsolv
Summary
by MITRE • 02/21/2022
A heap-buffer openSUSE libsolv through 13 Dec 2020 exists in the solver_solve function at src/solver.c: line 3445.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/25/2022
The heap-buffer overflow vulnerability CVE-2021-44569 affects the opensuse libsolv library version released on December 13, 2020, and earlier versions. This critical security flaw resides within the solver_solve function located in the src/solver.c file at line 3445. The vulnerability manifests as a heap-based buffer overflow condition that can be exploited through improper memory handling during package dependency resolution operations. The libsolv library serves as a core dependency solver for various package management systems including zypper, which is the default package manager for openSUSE distributions.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate bounds checking within the solver_solve function where the library processes package dependencies and constraints during the resolution phase. When the solver encounters certain malformed or specially crafted package repository data, it fails to properly validate buffer boundaries before writing data to heap-allocated memory regions. This particular flaw falls under the CWE-121 heap-based buffer overflow category, which represents a classic memory corruption vulnerability that can lead to arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability specifically affects the memory management operations that occur when the solver attempts to handle complex dependency graphs containing malformed input data structures.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends across all openSUSE systems utilizing the affected libsolv library version, potentially compromising the integrity and availability of package management operations. Attackers could exploit this weakness by crafting malicious package repository metadata or dependency specifications that trigger the buffer overflow condition during package installation, update, or removal processes. Successful exploitation could result in denial of service conditions, arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the package manager process, or potentially complete system compromise depending on the execution environment. The vulnerability affects both server and desktop deployments of openSUSE distributions, making it a significant concern for enterprise environments relying on package management automation.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2021-44569 primarily involve updating to the patched version of the libsolv library released after December 13, 2020, which includes proper bounds checking and memory validation routines. System administrators should prioritize applying security patches to all openSUSE systems and verify that the updated library version resolves the vulnerability through vulnerability scanning tools. Additionally, implementing network segmentation and access controls around package management infrastructure can limit potential exploitation vectors. Organizations should also consider monitoring package repository integrity and implementing automated patch management processes to prevent exploitation of similar vulnerabilities in the future. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under the T1059.007 technique for execution through command and scripting interpreter, as exploitation could enable attackers to execute arbitrary code within the package management environment.