CVE-2021-45003 in Laundry Booking Management System
Summary
by MITRE • 01/10/2022
Laundry Booking Management System 1.0 (Latest) and previous versions are affected by a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in profile.php through the "image" parameter that can execute a webshell payload.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/22/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2021-45003 affects the Laundry Booking Management System version 1.0 and earlier releases, presenting a critical remote code execution flaw within the profile.php script. This weakness specifically manifests through the "image" parameter, creating an avenue for attackers to inject and execute malicious code on the affected system. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms that fail to properly filter user-supplied data before processing. Security researchers have identified that when the system processes the image parameter, it does not sufficiently validate or sanitize the input, allowing attackers to upload and execute arbitrary code. The flaw is categorized under CWE-94, which represents "Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')" and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190, "Exploit Public-Facing Application." This vulnerability enables attackers to gain full control over the affected system, potentially leading to data breaches, system compromise, and further lateral movement within the network infrastructure. The remote nature of the vulnerability means that attackers can exploit it without requiring physical access to the system or local network presence, making it particularly dangerous for web-facing applications.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the improper handling of file uploads within the profile.php script. When an attacker submits a malicious payload through the image parameter, the system fails to validate the file type or content, allowing potentially harmful code to be executed. The vulnerability typically manifests when the application attempts to process and store the uploaded file without proper security checks, potentially storing the payload as a webshell that can be executed at a later time. This flaw can be exploited through various methods including direct exploitation of the upload functionality or by leveraging other vulnerabilities within the application to gain initial access. The attack vector involves sending crafted HTTP requests that include malicious payloads in the image parameter, which the vulnerable application then processes and executes. The absence of proper input validation, file type checking, and content verification creates a pathway for attackers to inject malicious code that can execute with the privileges of the web application. This vulnerability represents a classic example of insecure file upload handling, where the application does not properly restrict file types or validate file contents before allowing uploads.
The operational impact of CVE-2021-45003 extends beyond immediate code execution capabilities to encompass broader security implications for organizations using the affected system. Successful exploitation allows attackers to establish persistent access to the system, potentially leading to complete system compromise and data exfiltration. Organizations may experience unauthorized access to sensitive information, including user credentials, booking data, and potentially customer information stored within the laundry booking system. The vulnerability can enable attackers to use the compromised system as a foothold for further attacks within the network, potentially leading to privilege escalation and lateral movement. Additionally, the presence of a webshell on the compromised system creates a persistent backdoor that can be used for ongoing unauthorized access. The vulnerability's remote nature means that organizations may be unaware of exploitation attempts until significant damage has occurred. The impact on business operations includes potential service disruption, regulatory compliance violations, and reputational damage. Organizations may also face increased costs related to forensic analysis, system restoration, and implementation of security controls to prevent future exploitation attempts.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2021-45003 should prioritize immediate remediation through software updates and patches provided by the vendor. Organizations must implement comprehensive input validation and sanitization measures to prevent malicious code injection through the image parameter. Security controls should include strict file type validation, content verification, and proper file upload restrictions that prevent execution of potentially harmful files. The implementation of web application firewalls and security monitoring systems can help detect and prevent exploitation attempts. Organizations should also enforce least privilege principles and implement proper access controls to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities within the application and infrastructure. Network segmentation and monitoring of file upload activities can help detect anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. The remediation process should include thorough code review and security testing to ensure that similar vulnerabilities do not exist in other parts of the application. Additionally, implementing proper logging and monitoring capabilities will enable organizations to detect and respond to exploitation attempts more effectively, while maintaining compliance with industry standards such as those outlined in the NIST Cybersecurity Framework and ISO 27001 security requirements.