CVE-2022-0100 in Edge
Summary
by MITRE • 02/12/2022
Heap buffer overflow in Media streams API in Google Chrome prior to 97.0.4692.71 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/12/2022
This vulnerability represents a critical heap buffer overflow within the Media Streams API implementation in Google Chrome browsers prior to version 97.0.4692.71. The flaw occurs when processing media stream data through the browser's WebRTC and media capture capabilities, where insufficient bounds checking allows malicious input to overwrite adjacent memory locations within the heap allocation space. The vulnerability falls under CWE-121 Heap-based Buffer Overflow, which is classified as a severe memory corruption issue that can lead to arbitrary code execution. Attackers can craft malicious HTML pages containing specially formatted media stream data that triggers the vulnerable code path when the browser attempts to process these streams. When the heap buffer overflow occurs, it can corrupt adjacent memory regions including metadata used by the heap allocator, potentially leading to information disclosure, denial of service, or complete system compromise. The attack vector is remote and requires no user interaction beyond visiting a malicious website, making it particularly dangerous in phishing campaigns or compromised websites. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript, as the exploitation leverages JavaScript execution within the browser context to trigger the underlying memory corruption. The Media Streams API is commonly used for video conferencing applications, live streaming, and real-time communication services, making this a high-value target for threat actors seeking to compromise user systems. The heap corruption can be exploited through various attack methods including return-oriented programming or direct code execution if proper memory layout protections are bypassed. Organizations should immediately update their Chrome installations to version 97.0.4692.71 or later, as this release includes patches that properly validate buffer boundaries and implement additional heap memory safety mechanisms. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of robust input validation in web APIs and highlights the risks associated with complex multimedia processing capabilities that handle untrusted user data. Browser vendors and security researchers have classified this issue as a critical risk due to its potential for remote code execution and the widespread use of Chrome's media streaming capabilities across enterprise and consumer environments. Proper mitigation requires not only patching the browser but also implementing network-level protections such as content filtering and web application firewalls to prevent access to known malicious domains until full remediation is achieved. The flaw underscores the necessity of comprehensive memory safety testing for browser components handling multimedia data, particularly those interfaces that directly interact with system resources and user-provided input streams.