CVE-2022-20180 in Android
Summary
by MITRE • 08/11/2022
In several functions of mali_gralloc_reference.cpp, there is a possible arbitrary code execution due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-212804042References: N/A
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/10/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-20180 resides within the mali_gralloc_reference.cpp file of Android kernel implementations, specifically affecting Mali graphics drivers. This flaw represents a critical security weakness that stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms within multiple functions of the graphics memory allocation system. The issue manifests as a missing bounds check that allows malicious code execution through improper memory handling during graphics buffer operations.
The technical nature of this vulnerability places it squarely within the realm of buffer overflow conditions and memory corruption flaws, aligning with CWE-129, which describes improper validation of array indices. The flaw occurs in the graphics memory management subsystem where the mali_gralloc_reference.cpp module fails to properly validate the bounds of memory references before processing graphics buffer operations. This oversight creates an exploitable condition where an attacker can manipulate memory access patterns to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability presents a significant risk for local privilege escalation attacks, requiring only standard user execution privileges to exploit successfully. The attack vector does not necessitate user interaction, making it particularly dangerous as it can be triggered automatically through legitimate graphics operations. The exploitation process typically involves crafting malicious graphics buffer requests that exceed expected memory boundaries, potentially allowing attackers to overwrite critical memory regions or execute shellcode within the graphics driver context.
The impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution to encompass full system compromise, as the graphics driver operates with elevated privileges within the kernel space. This creates a pathway for attackers to gain root access and potentially escalate their privileges to system-level control. The vulnerability affects Android kernel implementations specifically, making it relevant to mobile devices, tablets, and other Android-based systems that utilize Mali graphics processing units. The Android ID A-212804042 identifies this issue within Google's internal tracking system, indicating its recognition as a significant security concern requiring immediate attention.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-20180 should focus on implementing comprehensive bounds checking mechanisms within the graphics memory allocation subsystem, as well as applying timely security patches provided by device manufacturers and Google. The remediation process involves strengthening input validation procedures in the mali_gralloc_reference.cpp module to ensure proper memory boundary enforcement. Organizations should prioritize updating their Android kernel implementations to versions that address this specific vulnerability, particularly targeting the Mali graphics driver components that handle memory allocation operations. Additionally, system administrators should implement monitoring solutions to detect anomalous graphics buffer operations that may indicate exploitation attempts, as outlined in the ATT&CK framework's privilege escalation techniques.
The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of memory safety in kernel-level components, particularly within graphics drivers that handle sensitive buffer operations. This flaw underscores the necessity of rigorous code review processes and formal verification techniques for security-critical systems. Security teams should consider implementing automated static analysis tools to identify similar missing bounds check scenarios within other kernel modules, as the absence of proper validation mechanisms creates persistent attack surfaces for privilege escalation exploits. The remediation efforts must also include comprehensive testing of graphics buffer operations to ensure that all memory access patterns properly enforce bounds checking while maintaining system performance and functionality.